Mazon Creek Fossils (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Mazon Creek Fossils 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contens 8
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 12
PREFACE 14
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 16
PART I: HISTORICAL AND GEOLOGICAL PAPERS 18
CHAPTER 1. MAZON CREEK FAUNA AND FLORA—A HUNDRED YEARS OF INVESTIGATION 20
ABSTRACT 20
INTRODUCTION 21
HISTORY OF STUDY 23
REFERENCES 29
CHAPTER 2. PENNSYLVANIAN SEDIMENTATION IN NORTHERN ILLINOIS: EXAMINATION OF DELTA MODELS 32
ABSTRACT 32
INTRODUCTION 33
PREVIOUS WORK 34
MODERN DELTAIC ENVIRONMENTS 39
CYCLOTHEMS 41
DELTA MODELS 43
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 56
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 57
REFERENCES 57
CHAPTER 3. LITHOLOGY AND FOSSIL DISTRIBUTION, FRANCIS CREEK SHALE IN NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS 60
ABSTRACT 60
INTRODUCTION 61
PREVIOUS WORK 61
GEOLOGIC SETTING 62
FRANCIS CREEK LOCALITIES 64
FRANCIS CREEK LITHOLOGY 69
DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS 77
DISTRIBUTION OF BIOTAS 79
DISTRIBUTION OF BIOTAS: SIGNIFICANCE 81
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 82
REFERENCES 83
APPENDIX 1 85
CHAPTER 4. THE OCCURRENCE AND ORIGIN OF SIDERITE CONCRETIONS IN THE FRANCIS CREEK SHALE (PENNSYLVANIAN) OF NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS 88
ABSTRACT 88
INTRODUCTION 89
DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE FRANCIS CREEK SHALE 92
SUMMARY 114
REFERENCES 118
PART II: PALEOBOTANICAL PAPERS 124
CHAPTER 5. EVIDENCE OF SOFT-SEDIMENT CEMENTATION ENCLOSING MAZON PLANT FOSSILS 126
ABSTRACT 126
INTRODUCTION 126
MORPHOLOGY AND MINERALOGY 127
DEPOSITIONAL REGIME AND ENVIRONMENT 131
NOTES ON PREPARATION AND PRESERVATION OF MAZON FOSSILS 135
DISCUSSION OF PREPARED SPECIMENS 139
SUMMARY 146
REFERENCES 147
CHAPTER 6. HIGH DIVERSITY AND STRATIGRAPHIC AGE OF THE MAZON CREEK FLORA 150
ABSTRACT 150
INTRODUCTION 151
DIVERSITY OF THE FLORA 151
STRATIGRAPHIC AGE OF THE MAZON CREEK FLORA 155
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 159
REFERENCES 160
CHAPTER 7. THE MAZON CREEK FLORA : REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 164
ABSTRACT 164
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE MAZON CREEK PLANTS AND RELATED LITERATURE 171
PART III: INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY PAPERS 180
CHAPTER 8. THE MAZON CREEK BIOTAS IN THE CONTEXT OF A CARBONIFEROUS FAUNAL CONTINUUM 182
ABSTRACT 182
INTRODUCTION 183
CRUSTACEA 186
WORMS 192
MEROSTOMATA 195
MOLLUSCA 196
INARTICULATA 199
TERRESTRIAL BIOTAS 200
DISCUSSION 202
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 208
REFERENCES 209
CHAPTER 9. SOFT-BODIED COELENTERATES IN THE PENNSYLVANIAN OF ILLINOIS 214
ABSTRACT 214
INTRODUCTION 216
LOCALITIES 217
THE "BLOBS" 224
TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION 232
PALEOECOLOGY 233
SIGNIFICANCE OF FAUNA 235
SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION 236
LIST OF DESCRIBED TAXA 237
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 287
REFERENCES 288
CHAPTER 10. A REAPPRAISAL OF TULLIMONSTRUM GREGARIUM 292
ABSTRACT 292
INTRODUCTION 293
MATERIAL STUDIED 294
MORPHOLOGY 294
ONTOGENY 306
ZOOLOGICAL AFFINITIES OF TULLIMONSTRUM 306
PALEOECOLOGY 319
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 320
REFERENCES 321
CHAPTER 11. GASTROPODA OF THE ESSEX FAUNA, FRANCIS CREEK SHALE (MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN), NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS 326
ABSTRACT 326
INTRODUCTION 327
OCCURRENCE AND PRESERVATION 327
SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY 329
REFERENCES 342
CHAPTER 12. POLYPLACOPHORAN MOLLUSCS OF THE ESSEX FAUNA (MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN, ILLINOIS) 344
ABSTRACT 344
INTRODUCTION 344
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 345
SYSTEMATIC PLACEMENT 345
ABUNDANCE 346
PRESERVATION 347
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 353
REFERENCES 354
CHAPTER 13. MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN (DESMOINESEAN) CEPHALOPODA OF THE MAZON CREEK FAUNA, NORTHEASTERN ILLINOIS 356
ABSTRACT 356
INTRODUCTION 357
STRATIGRAPHIC OCCURRENCE AND LOCATION 358
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 359
SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY 359
REFERENCES 380
ADDENDUM 382
CHAPTER 14. THE CENTIPEDES (CHILOPODA) OF THE MAZON CREEK 384
ABSTRACT 384
INTRODUCTION 384
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION 385
DISCUSSION 397
REFERENCES 401
CHAPTER 15. EVIDENCE FOR SUBAERIAL ACTIVITY OF EUPROOPS DANAE (MEROSTOMATA, XIPHOSURIDA) 402
ABSTRACT 402
INTRODUCTION 403
INITIAL PLAUSIBILITY OF SUBAERIAL ACTIVITY 409
PHYLOGENETIC CONSIDERATIONS 414
LITHOLOGIC AND FAUNAL ASSOCIATIONS OF EUPROOPIDS 415
LOCOMOTOR ADAPTATIONS OF EUPROOPIDS 428
LEAF MIMESIS IN EUPROOPIDS 439
E. ROTUNDATUS-MAIOCERCUS CARBONIS MIMICRY 452
IMPRISONED EUPROOPIDS? 454
COPROLITIC CONCENTRATIONS OF EUPROOPIDS 457
DISCUSSION 460
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 463
REFERENCES 464
PART IV: VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY PAPERS 472
CHAPTER 16. NEW CHONDRICHTHYES FROM THE MAZON CREEK FAUNA (PENNSYLVANIAN) OF ILLINOIS 474
ABSTRACT 474
INTRODUCTION 474
REFERENCES 522
CHAPTER 17. FISHES OF THE MAZON CREEK FAUNA 526
ABSTRACT 526
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 528
AGNATHA 528
CHONDRICHTHYES 532
ACANTHODII 533
CROSSOPTERYGII 533
DIPNOI 534
ACTINOPTERYGII 536
COMPARISON OF MAZON CREEK AND OTHER LATE PENNSYLVANIAN FISH FAUNAS 546
REFERENCES 551
CHAPTER 18. Amphibamus grandiceps AS A JUVENILE DISSOROPHID: EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS 554
ABSTRACT 554
INTRODUCTION 555
MORPHOLOGY 565
DISCUSSION 573
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 586
REFERENCES 587
AUTHOR INDEX 590
SUBJECT INDEX 596