Configuring IPv6 For Cisco IOS (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 12
Foreword 20
Chapter 1 Introduction to the Cisco IOS 22
Introduction 23
Connecting to the Router 23
Console Port Connections 24
Telnet Connection 27
SNMP Configurations 28
Entering Commands to Configure a Cisco Router 30
Using Configuration Commands 32
Using Passwords to Control Router Access 34
Performing Interface Configuration Tasks 36
Using show Commands 39
Using the show version Command 42
Using the show running-configuration Command 44
Using the show interface Command 46
Increasing Efficiency by Using Shortcuts 48
Summary 50
Solutions Fast Track 51
Frequently Asked Questions 52
Chapter 2 Introduction to IPv6 Architecture 54
Introduction 55
Understanding the Benefits of IPv6 55
Increased IP Address Size 56
Increased Addressing Hierarchy Support 57
Simplified Host Addressing 62
Simpler Autoconfiguration of Addresses 63
Improved Scalability of Multicast Routing 65
The Anycast Address 69
Streamlined Header 71
Security 73
Mobility 74
Performance 75
Comparing IPv6 to IPv4 76
Addressing Structure 77
Address Administration 77
Header Comparison 79
Feature Comparison 80
Examining IPv6 Network Architecture 81
IPv6 Communication Fundamentals 82
Intra-Subnet Communications 82
Inter-Subnet Communications 84
Internetwork Communications 86
Upper-Layer Protocol Issues 88
Understanding ICMPv6 89
Error Messages 90
Informational Messages 91
Understanding Neighbor Discovery 92
Router Solicitation and Advertisement 93
Neighbor Solicitation and Advertisement 94
Redirect Message 94
Message Options 95
Summary 96
Solutions Fast Track 97
Frequently Asked Questions 100
Chapter 3 The IPv6 Headers 102
Introduction 103
Analyzing the IPv6 Header 104
Comparing the IPv6 and IPv4 Headers 105
The IPv6 Extension Headers 108
Hop-by-Hop Options Header 112
Routing Header 115
Fragment Header 119
Authentication Header 122
Encapsulating Security Payload 125
Destination Options Header 127
Summary 129
Solutions Fast Track 130
Frequently Asked Questions 132
Chapter 4 Explaining IPv6 Addressing 134
Introduction 135
The Basics of IPv6 Addressing 136
IPv6 Addressing Scheme Characteristics 137
IPv6 Header Overview 137
Version Field 137
Traffic Class Field 138
Flow Label Field 139
Payload Length Field 139
Next Header Field 140
IPv4 and IPv6 Address Space 140
IPv6 Address Structure 142
Unicast Addresses 148
Multicast Address 162
Anycast Address 166
Nodes-Required Address 168
The Need for Further Development 170
The Multihoming Problem 170
Dual IPv6 Addressing on a Host 172
Portability of Address Space 173
Dual IPv6 Address Prefixes Allocated within the Environment 173
Independently Assigned Address Space 174
The 6Bone 174
Summary 176
Solutions Fast Track 176
Frequently Asked Questions 178
Chapter 5 Configuring IPv6 Addressing 180
Introduction 181
Configuring IPv6 Addressing 181
Configuring LAN Addresses 183
Configuring Duplicate Address Detection 186
Configuring DNS 187
Configuring WAN Addresses 189
Configuring ATM 189
Configuring Frame-Relay 190
Configuring ICMPv6 and Neighbor Discovery 193
Verifying Addressing Configuration 195
Verifying LAN Addressing 197
Verifying WAN Addressing 198
Verifying ICMPv6 and Neighbor Discovery Configuration 199
Summary 201
Solutions Fast Track 202
Frequently Asked Questions 204
Chapter 6 Routing IPv6 for the Cisco IOS 206
Introduction 207
Explaining RIP for IPv6 207
Periodic Updates 208
Routing Loops 210
Triggered Updates 211
Split Horizon 212
Counting to Infinity 213
Poison Reverse 214
Hold-Down Timers 214
RIP Timers 215
Administrative Distance 216
Configuring RIP for IPv6 217
Basic IPv6 RIP Configuration 217
Default Routes in IPv6 RIP 219
IPv6 RIP Route Redistribution 221
Filtering IPv6 RIP Routing 226
Verifying IPv6 RIP Operation 229
Exploring IS-IS for IPv6 231
Link-State Advertisements 232
Neighbors 233
Link-State Database 234
Areas 234
IS-IS Specifics 234
CLNS Addressing 235
Integrated IS-IS 235
Configuring IS-IS for IPv6 236
IS-IS Default Routes 238
Maximum Paths for IS-IS 239
IS-IS Route Redistribution 239
Describing Muliprotocol BGP Extensions for IPv6 240
Autonomous Systems 241
Neighbors 241
BGP Metrics 241
Configuring BGP Extensions for IPv6 242
Configuring an IPv6 Neighbor Relationship 242
Configuring a BGP Router ID 246
Configuring BGP Peer Groups 247
Configuring Link-Local Addressing 247
BGP Redistribution 249
Verifying BGP Operation 252
Using the show bgp Command 252
Using the show bgp ipv6 summary Command 253
Other Routing Protocols and Future Developments 253
IPv6 OSPF 254
IPv6 EIGRP 254
Summary 255
Solutions Fast Track 256
Frequently Asked Questions 258
Chapter 7 Deploying IPv6 on the Cisco IOS 260
Introduction 261
IPv6 Deployment Strategies 261
Understanding Deployment Methods 262
Configuring IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnels 263
IPv6 Manually Configured Tunnel 263
IPv6 over IPv4 GRE Tunnel 265
Automatic IPv6 Tunnel 266
Automatic 6to4 Tunnel 266
ISATAP Tunnel 268
6over4 Tunnels 269
Tunnel Broker 269
Configuring IPv6 over Dedicated Links 269
Deploying IPv6 over an MPLS Backbone 272
IPv6 Using Tunnels on the Customer Edge Routers 272
IPv6 over a Circuit Transport over MPLS 272
IPv6 on the Provider Edge Routers 273
Using a Dual-Stack Backbone 273
Translating between IPv4 and IPv6 276
Protocol Translation Mechanisms 277
NAT-PT 277
TCP-UDP Relay 278
Bump in the Stack Method 278
Dual-Stack Transition Mechanism 279
Socks-Based IPv6/IPv4 Gateway 279
Summary 281
Solutions Fast Track 283
Frequently Asked Questions 287
Chapter 8 IPv6 Security 288
Introduction 289
IPSec Overview 289
Understanding the Building Blocks of IPSec 291
Extension Headers Overview 291
Choosing the Mode of Operation 292
Internet Key Exchange Overview 293
Understanding the Implementation Options 294
Understanding the Authentication Options 296
Cryptographic Algorithms Used in IPSec 296
Combining IPSec’s Cryptographic Mechanisms 297
The Security Policy Database 298
The Security Association 299
Internet Key Exchange 301
IKE Phase 1 Main Mode 304
IKE Phase 1 Aggressive Mode 305
IKE Phase 2 Quick Mode 306
Applying Perimeter Security 307
Summary 310
Solutions Fast Track 311
Frequently Asked Questions 313
Chapter 9 Monitoring and Troubleshooting IPv6 Networks 316
Introduction 317
Using show Commands 317
Using Basic show Commands 317
Using the show bgp Commands 325
Using debug Commands 329
Analyzing IPv6 Traffic 333
What’s New in Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6 334
The Neighbor Discovery Process 336
Summary 342
Solutions Fast Track 342
Frequently Asked Questions 344
Appendix Configuring IPv6 for the Cisco IOS Fast Track 346
Index 364