Photochemistry, History and Commercial Applications of Hexaarylbiimidazoles (eBook)

Photochemistry, History and Commercial Applications of Hexaarylbiimidazoles 4
Copyright page 5
Preface 6
Contents 12
Chapter 1. Introduction 14
References 18
Chapter 2. Industrial Photochemistry from the 1960s Onward 20
2.1. What were the aims of these new technologies? 20
2.2. Vesicular film 22
Chapter 3. The DuPont Company from 1960 to 2000 26
Chapter 4. The Beginnings of HABI Chemistry at DuPont 30
References 33
Chapter 5. The HABI Literature 34
5.1 Nomenclature 39
Chapter 6. A Survey of HABI Publications 40
6.1 1960 40
6.2 1961 41
6.3 1962 42
6.4 1963 42
6.5 1964 43
6.6 1965 44
6.7 1966 45
6.8 1967 46
6.9 1968 46
6.10 1969 46
6.11 1970 47
6.12 1971 48
6.13 1972 50
6.14 1973 50
6.15 1974 52
6.16 1975 53
6.17 1976 53
6.18 1977 54
6.19 1978 54
6.20 1979 55
6.21 1980 56
6.22 1983 56
6.23 1985 57
6.24 1986 58
6.25 1988 58
6.26 1989 58
6.27 1990 58
6.28 1991 59
6.29 1992 60
6.30 1993 61
6.31 1994 61
6.32 1995 62
6.33 1996 63
6.34 1997 63
6.35 1998 65
6.36 1999 67
6.37 2000 68
6.38 2001 69
6.39 2002 70
6.40 2003 70
Chapter 7. The Chemistry of Hexaarylbiimidazoles 72
7.1 Results and discussion 72
7.2 Radical life 82
References 84
Chapter 8. The Development of DYLUX Instant Access Photosensitive Products 86
8.1 Introduction 86
8.2 Some history of leucodye research 86
8.3 Enter hexaarylbiimidazoles HABIs 87
8.4 Invention of imaging and deactivatio systems 90
8.5 The road to the market 104
8.6 At long last-graphic ARTS (1968) 113
8.7 Printout paper for DuPont `aca' automatic clinical analyzer (1969-1979) 116
8.8 Marketing to the military (1967-1970) 117
8.9 W.H. Brady and the kalograph (1967-1970) 117
8.10 After the venture (1971) 118
8.11 Photodecoration (1972) 118
8.12 UPC opportunity (1972-1977) 120
8.13 Patient identification system (1975) 121
8.14 DYLUX DFF flexible filter (1976) 122
8.15 Four color DYLUX quick prints (1977) 123
8.16 J.C. Penney inventory control system (1977) 125
8.17 Photomarker garment patterns (1977) 125
8.18 Instructional X-ray prints (1977) 126
8.19 Digital DYLUX proof paper (1995) 126
8.20 Manufacture 128
8.21 Competition 130
8.22 Conclusions about marketing efforts 135
Acknowledgement 135
Chapter 9. HABIs as Photopolymerization Initiators 136
9.1 Historical perspective 136
9.2 The mechanism of free radical photopolymerization 140
9.3 Industrial photopolymer technology 144
9.4 Applications 145
References 146
Chapter 10. HABIs in Color Proofing Systems 148
10.1 Color overlay systems 148
10.2 Color surprint systems 149
Chapter 11. Electrophotographic Master Proofing (EMP) 154
11.1 Historical background 154
11.2 EMP masters 155
11.3 DX imaging 157
11.4 Machine design 158
11.5 Technical work 159
11.6 The end of DX-imaging 161
Chapter 12. HABIs in DuPont Photopolymer Films for the Electronics Industry 164
Chapter 13. HABI Photoinitiators in Photopolymer Films Developed for Holographic Applications 170
13.1 Experimental fit to coupled wave theory 171
13.2 Replication of holograms 172
13.3 Production of holograms 173
13.4 Applications 173
13.5 Conclusion 176
References 176
Chapter 14. HABI enhanced attributes provide unique photopolymer waveguide technology for optical interconnections and functional photonic components 178
14.1 Waveguide technology application requirements 179
14.2 Waveguide process alternatives 180
14.3 GuideLink waveguide process and applications 180
14.4 Summary 185
Selected Polyguide/Guidelink related publications 186
Chapter 15. More Applications for Photopolymers 188
15.1 Color filters 188
15.2 Photoresist technology 189
15.3 Soldermask 191
15.4 Electrical devices 191
15.5 Photoimageable coverlay coatings 192
15.6 Printing plates 192
15.7 Holography 195
Chapter 16. Phototackification 196
Chapter 17. HABIs in Silver-Based Photographic Systems 202
17.1 Bleachout systems 202
Chapter 18. Gravell's Contribution to the Recording of Watermarks 208
18.1 Techniques for studying watermarks 208
18.2 DYLUX 503 proof paper 209
18.3 Watermark recording with DYLUX 503 proof paper 209
18.4 Extensions of Gravell's work 210
References 210
Chapter 19. The Role of Patents in the Development of HABI Technology 212
Chapter 20. Photopolymers-an enabler of industrial innovation 220
Abstract 220
20.1 Introduction 220
20.2 Fundamentals of photopolymerization and photoimaging 221
20.3 Replication as an industrial paradigm for innovation 222
20.4 What is on the horizon in photopolymers? 226
20.5 Conclusions 226
Acknowledgments 227
References 227
Chapter 21. Cescon Patent US 3,784,557 228
Chapter 22. Could We Have Done Better? 244
Biographies 248