Advances in Ecological Research (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Ecological Research, Volume 26 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 10
Contributors to Volume 26 6
Preface 8
Chapter 1. CO2 Fluxes over Plant Canopies and Solar Radiation: A Review 16
I. Summary 17
II. Symbols and Abbreviations 18
III. Introduction 19
IV. Stand CO2 Balance 21
V. Storage Flux 24
VI. Respiration Flux 26
VII. Canopy Photosynthesis 29
VIII. Radiation 30
IX. Radiation Use Efficiency 32
X. Techniques for Measuring CO2 Flux 33
XI. Data Sets, Data Analysis 36
XII. Effects of Various Factors on the Response Function of CO2 Flux to PPFD 42
XIII. Mean Statistics, Residuals and Boundary Value Analysis for the Complete Data Set 52
XIV. Perspective for CO2 Flux Measurements 55
XV. Conclusion 58
Acknowledgement 61
References 61
Appendix 1 67
Appendix 2 78
Chapter 2. The Ecology of Symbiotic Micro-organisms 84
I. Introduction 84
II. The Phyletic Diversity of Endosymbiotic Micro-organisms 89
III. The Distribution of Mirco-organisms in Endosymbiosis 93
IV. Endosymbiotic Micro-organisms in the Environment 103
V. The Host as a Habitat 108
VI. Conclusions 109
Acknowledgements 110
References 110
Chapter 3. Impacts of Disturbance on Detritus Food Webs in Ago-Ecosystems of Contrasting Tillage and Weed Managment Practices 120
I. Summary 120
II. Introduction 121
III. Tillage as a Disturbance Regime 124
IV. Alternatives to Tillage 151
V. Influence of Weeds on Detritus Food Webs 163
VI. Agricultural Disturbance and Food Web Theory 165
VII. Conclusions 171
Acknowledgements 173
References 173
Appendix 197
Chapter 4. The Cichlid Fish Assemblages of Lake Tanganyika: Ecology. Behaviour and Evolution of its Species Flocks 202
I. Summary 202
II. Introduction 204
III. Speciation in Lake Tanganyika 207
IV. Breeding Habits 226
V. Species Diversity and Coexistence within the Rocky Shore Communities 235
VI. Community Composition and Species Diversity 249
VII. Concluding Remarks, Caveats and Perspectives 255
References 258
Chapter 5. Building on the Ideal Free Distribution 268
I. Summary 268
II. Introduction 269
III. The Ideal Free Distribution 270
IV. The Simplest Ideal Free Model 271
V. Incorporating Interference 272
VI. Incorporating Resource Wastage into Continuous Input Models 275
VII. Incorporating Despotism 275
VIII. Incorporating Unequal Competitors 277
IX. Incorporating Kleptoparasitism 284
X. Incorporating Resource Dynamics 288
XI. Incorporating Survival as a Measure of Fitness 290
XII. Incorporating Perceptual Constraints 292
XIII. Incorporating Patch Assessment 293
XIV. A Summary of IFD Models 299
XV. Assessing the Success of Ideal Free Distribution Models 304
XVI. Conclusions 315
Acknowledgements 316
References 317
Chapter 6. The Role of Recruitment Dynamics in Rocky Shore and Coral Reef Fish Communities 324
I. Summary 324
II. Introduction and Historical Perspective 325
III. Settlement and Recruitment of Marine Organisms 329
IV. Are Marine Systems Open? 331
V. Recruitment: Patterns and Processes 344
VI. The Influences of Recruitment on Patterns of Population and Community Structure 351
VII. Management Implications, Conservation Issues and Future Directions 375
VIII. Concluding Remarks 379
Acknowledgements 380
References 380
Index 402
Cumulative List of Titles 416