Advances in Marine Biology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Marine Biology, Volume 31 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Contributors to Volume 31 6
Chapter 1. Hybridization in the Sea 12
1. Introduction 13
2. Recognition of Hybridization 16
3. Importance of Taxonomy 18
4. Factors Preventing or Promoting Marine Hybridization 22
5. How Frequent is Hybridization in the Sea? 24
6. Hybridization and the Timing of Reproducion 26
7. Experimental Hybridization 28
8. Temporal Variability and Stability in Hybridization Rates 30
9. Disturbance and Hybridization 33
10. Relative Parental Abundance and Hybridization 38
11. The Fitness of Hybrid Individuals 39
12. Reproductive Biology and Hybridization Frequency 42
13. Hybrid Zone Structure 44
14. Introgression 48
15. Hybridization Bias: Does it Exist? 50
16. Intergeneric versus Interspecific Hybridization 53
17. The Biogeography of Marine Hybridization 54
18. The Fossil Record 57
19. Hybridization as a Fisheries and Conservation Problem 60
20. Hybridization and Speciation in the Sea 63
21. Conclusions and Prospects for the Future 66
Acknowledgements 76
References 76
Chapter 2. Reproductive Biology of Marine Cladocerans 90
1. Introduction 91
2. Parthnogenesis 104
3. Gamogenesis 118
4. Gamogenic Eggs and Embryos 135
5. Annual Cycles and Population Dynamics 143
6. Promising Lines for Future Research 158
Acknowledgements 223
References 223
Chapter 3. The Role of Microscale Turbulence in the Feeding Ecology of Larval Fish 180
1. Introduction 181
2. Turbulence in the Ocean 184
3. Encounter Rates and Feeding in Larval Fish 186
4. Modeling Turbulence-Dependent Feeding Rates 193
5. Laboratory Studies of the Effect of Turbulence on Feeding Ecology 203
6. Field Studies of the Effect of Turbulence on Feeding 206
7. Synthesis 210
Acknowledgements 223
References 223
Chapter 4. Adaptations of Reef Corals to Physical Environmental Stress 232
1. Introduction 233
2. Fluctuating Abiotic Influences: Variation over Time 236
3. Fluctuating Abiotic Influences: Variation over Space 249
4. Adaptations of Reef Corals to Temperature Change 256
5. Adaptation of Reef Corals to Fluctuations in Solar Radiation 268
6. Adaptation of Reef Corals to Different Water Flow Regimes 280
7. Discussion 283
8. Summary 286
Acknowledgements 288
References 288
Chapter 5. Harmful or Exceptional Phytoplankton Blooms in the Marine Ecosystem 312
1. Introduction 313
2. Definitions 313
3. “Harmful” or “Exceptional” Phytoplankton Blooms 316
4. Exceptional Blooms in the Context of Seasonal Bloom Development 348
5. Bloom Dynamics with Special Reference to Exceptional/Harmful Species 366
6. Summary and Conclusions 376
Acknowledgements 379
References 379
Taxonomic Index 398
Subject Index 402
Cumulative Index of Titles 408
Cumulative Index of Authors 412