Advances in Cancer Research (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 6
Contributors to Volume 84 10
Chapter 1. Gene Expression in Inherited Breast Cancer 12
I. Introduction 13
II. Epidemiology of Familial Breast Cancer 14
III. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes 14
IV. Tumor Progression and the Role of Estrogen in Breast Cancer Development 21
V. Characteristics of Hereditary Breast Cancers 22
VI. Other Causes of Breast Cancer 24
VII. Gene Expression Analysis 27
VIII. Concluding Remarks 37
References 38
Chapter 2. Multiparameter Analyses of Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins in Human Breast Cancer: A Key to Definition of Separate Pathways in Tumorigenesis 46
I. Breast Cancer 47
II. Cell Cycle Aberrations 48
III. Deregulation of Some Important G1/S Regulatory Proteins in Breast Cancer 50
IV. Multiparameter Analyses of G1/S Regulatory Proteins in Breast Cancer 55
V. Future Perspectives 59
References 61
Chapter 3. Rho GTPases in Transformation and Metastasis 68
I. Introduction 68
II. Rho GTPases and Transformation 71
III. Rho GTPases and Metastasis 81
IV. Conclusions and Future Directions 86
References 86
Chapter 4. The myc Oncogene: MarvelouslY Complex 92
I. Introduction 93
II. Myc and Cancer 93
III. Biological Activities of Myc 103
IV. Functions of Myc as a Regulator of Transcription 118
V. Identification of Myc-Interacting Proteins 137
VI. Overall Perspectives 151
References 152
Chapter 5. Genetic Requirements for the Episomal Maintenance of Oncogenic Herpesvirus Genomes 166
I. Introduction 167
II. Latent Episomal Genomes of Oncogenic Herpesviruses 168
III. The Role of EBNA-1 and OriP in EBV Episomal Replication 168
IV. The Role of LANA1 and Terminal Repeats in Episomal Replication of KSHV and HVS 173
V. Conclusions 181
References 182
Chapter 6. Treatment of Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies with Specific T Cells 186
I. Introduction 187
II. EBV-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disease 190
III. Hodgkin’s Disease 198
IV. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 201
V. Burkitt’s Lymphoma 202
VI. EBV-Associated Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in HIV Patients 202
VII. Conclusions 203
References 205
Chapter 7. Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in Cancer: Regulation by Wnts and Other Signaling Pathways 214
I. Origins of GSK-3 215
II. GSK-3 Functions: Clues From Other Species 216
III. Mammalian Wnt Signaling and Cancer 214 225
IV. Regulation of GSK-3 by Other Signaling Pathways 229
V. Other Targets of GSK-3 Involved in Cancer 232
VI. GSK-3 and Cancer 234
References 235
Chapter 8. Chronic Immune Activation and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of AIDS and Cancer 242
I. The Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection 243
II. SIV and Simian AIDS 244
III. Chronic Immune Activation 244
IV. Immunological Imbalance in HIV Infection 247
V. Cancer and the Immune Response 248
VI. Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS) and HIV Infection as a Paradigm for Inflammatory Cancer Development 251
VII. The Interrelationship between the Immune Response and Angiogenesis 254
VIII. Inflammation and Apoptosis 257
IX. The Biology of Oncogenic Viruses: Impact on the Immune Response, Angiogenesis, and Apoptosis 260
X. Features of Tumors Lacking an Obvious Premalignant Inflammatory Process 264
XI. Environment Created by Noninflammatory Factors That Predispose to Malignant Disease 265
XII. Fractal Mathematics, Carcinogenesis, and the Progression of Malignant Disease 267
XIII. Implications for Chemoprevention and Future Treatment of Malignant Disease 268
XIV. Conclusions 269
References 270
Chapter 9. Molecular Biology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 288
I. Introduction 289
II. Pathology 289
III. Origin of Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg Cells 290
IV. Pathogenesis 299
V. Phenotype and Gene Expression Patterns of HRS Cells 304
VI. HRS Cells in Their Microenvironment 309
VII. Concluding Remarks 312
References 315
Index 324