Advances in Immunology (eBook)

Cover 1
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 9
Chapter 1. aß/.d Lineage Commitment in the Thymus of Normal and Genetically Manipulated Mice 12
I. Introduction 12
II. Models of aß/.d Lineage Commitment and Lineage Maintenance 27
III. Analysis of TCR Gene Rearrangement in aß and .d Lineage Cells 30
IV. Analysis of TCR Transgenic and Gene-Targeted Mice 46
V. Cell Culture Studies 63
VI. Developmental Considerations 64
VII. In Search of a Consensus Model for the aß/.d Lineage Split 65
Refihrences 75
Chapter 2. lmmunoregulatory Functions of .d T Cells 88
I. Introduction 88
II. Origin, Lineage and Development, and Distribution 89
III. Specificity 94
IV. Functions 104
V. Concluding Remarks 134
References 135
Chapter 3. STATs as Mediators of Cytokine-Induced Responses 156
I. Introduction 156
II. The STAT Gene Family 156
III. Structural and Functional Domains in STAT Proteins 157
IV. STAT-Deficient Mice 163
V. STAT Function in Cellular Proliferation and Disease 166
VI. Regulation of STAT Function 167
VII. Summary and Perspective 168
References 169
Chapter 4. CD95(APO-1/Fas)-Mediated Apoptosis: Live and Let Die 174
I. Introduction 174
II. Death Receptors and Ligands 175
III. The CD95/CD95L System 177
IV. Gene Defects in the CD95/CD95L System 178
V. Role of the CD95/CD95L System in Deletion of Peripheral T Cells 179
VI. Role of the CD95/CD95L System in Liver Homeostasis 180
VII. Signal Transduction of CD95-Mediated Apoptosis 180
VIII. The Death Domain 181
IX. CD95 Associated Signaling Molecules 181
X. Other Signaling Molecules Invoked in CD95 Signaling 183
XI. Proteins of the Bcl-2 Family 183
XII. The Death-Inducing Signaling Complex (DISC) 185
XIII. Downstream Caspases in CD95 Death Receptor Signaling 187
XIV. Type I and Type II Cells 191
XV. FLIPS (FLICE Inhibitory Proteins) 192
XVI. Sensitivity and Resistance of T Lymphocytes toward CD95-Mediated Apoptosis 193
XVII. The CD95 System and Chemotherapy 195
XVIII. The CD95 Death System in AIDS 199
XIX. Further Considerations on the Role of Apoptosis in the Clinic 201
References 203
Chapter 5. A CXC Chemokine SDF-1/PBSF: A Ligand for a HIV Coreceptor, CXCR4 222
I. Introduction 222
II. Identification, Structure, and Expression of CXC Chemokine SDF- 1/PBSF 223
III. Physiological Functions of SDF-1/PBSF 226
IV. A SDF-1/PBSF Receptor, CXCR4 228
V. HIV-1 Infection and CXCR4 230
VI. Perspectives 233
References 233
Chapter 6. T Lymphocyte Tolerance: From Thymic Deletion to Peripheral Control Mechanisms 240
I. Introduction 240
II. Central Tolerance Induction in the Thymus 240
III. Peripheral Tolerance 251
References 262
Chapter 7. Confrontation between lntracellular Bacteria and the Immune System 278
I. Introduction 278
II. What Is an Intracellular Pathogen? 279
III. How to Enter the Host Cell Is How to Survive 280
IV. Induction of Nonspecific Immunity 284
V. Phagosome Maturation and Microbial Detours 294
VI. Antigen Processing and Presentation Pathways 303
VII. T-cell Subsets and Effector Mechanisms 318
VIII. Host Genetics Influencing the Outcome of Infection Effector Mechanisms 333
IX. Immune Intervention Strategies 337
References 347
Index 390
Contents of Recent Volumes 396