Dynamic Food Webs (eBook)

front cover 1
copyright 5
table of contents 6
front matter 12
Contributors 12
body 20
1.0 | TRIBUTE 20
1.1 | DYNAMIC FOOD WEBS 22
1.2 | FOOD WEB SCIENCE: MOVING ON THE PATH FROM ABSTRACTION TO PREDICTION 29
2.0 | VARIATIONS IN COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE AS STABILIZING MECHANISMS OF FOOD WEBS 43
2.1 | FROM FOOD WEBS TO ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS: LINKING NON-LINEAR TROPHIC INTERACTIONS WITH NUTRIENT COMPETITION 46
2.2 | FOOD WEB ARCHITECTURE AND ITS EFFECTS ON CONSUMER RESOURCE OSCILLATIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL POND ECOSYSTEMS 56
2.3 | FOOD WEB STRUCTURE: FROM SCALE INVARIANCE TO SCALE DEPENDENCE, AND BACK AGAIN? 67
2.4 | THE ROLE OF SPACE, TIME, AND VARIABILITY IN FOOD WEB DYNAMICS 75
3.0 | POPULATION DYNAMICS AND FOOD WEBS: DRIFTING AWAY FROM THE LOTKA-VOLTERRA PARADIGM 90
3.1 | MODELLING EVOLVING FOOD WEBS 93
3.2 | THE INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ON THE STRUCTURE OF ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES 108
3.3 | LINKING FLEXIBLE FOOD WEB STRUCTURE TO POPULATION STABILITY: A THEORETICAL CONSIDERATION ON ADAPTIVE FOOD WEBS 120
3.4 | INDUCIBLE DEFENSES IN FOOD WEBS 133
4.0 | WEARING ELTON'S WELLINGTONS: WHY BODY SIZE STILL MATTERS IN FOOD WEBS 147
4.1 | SPECIES' AVERAGE BODY MASS AND NUMERICAL ABUNDANCE IN A COMMUNITY FOOD WEB: STATISTICAL QUESTIONS IN ESTIMATING THE RELATIONSHIP 156
4.2 | BODY SIZE SCALINGS AND THE DYNAMICS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 176
4.3 | BODY SIZE, INTERACTION STRENGTH, AND FOOD WEB DYNAMICS 186
4.4 | BODY SIZE DETERMINANTS OF THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS: SCALING FROM THE INDIVIDUAL TO THE ECOSYSTEM 198
5.0 | UNDERSTANDING THE MUTUAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE DYNAMICS OF FOOD WEBS, RESOURCES, AND NUTRIENTS 217
5.1 | VARIABILITY IN SOIL FOOD WEB STRUCTURE ACROSS TIME AND SPACE 220
5.2 | FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF LEAF LITTER DETRITUS IN TERRESTRIAL FOOD WEBS 230
5.3 | STABILITY AND INTERACTION STRENGTH WITHIN SOIL FOOD WEBS OF A EUROPEAN FOREST TRANSECT: THE IMPACT OF N DEPOSITION 242
5.4 | DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF CONSUMERS ON C, N, AND P DYNAMICS: INSIGHTS FROM LONG-TERM RESEARCH 254
5.5 | MEASURING THE ABILITY OF FOOD TO FUEL WORK IN ECOSYSTEMS 267
5.6 | TOWARDS A NEW GENERATION OF DYNAMICAL SOIL DECOMPOSER FOOD WEB MODELS 277
6.0 | FOOD WEBS, BIODIVERSITY, AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING 286
6.1 | FOOD WEBS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING 289
6.2 | BIODIVERSITY, FOOD WEB STRUCTURE, AND THE PARTITIONING OF BIOMASS WITHIN AND AMONG TROPHIC LEVELS 302
6.3 | TROPHIC POSITION, BIOTIC CONTEXT, AND ABIOTIC FACTORS DETERMINE SPECIES CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING 314
6.4 | DOES BIOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY RELATE TO FUNCTIONAL ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL FOOD WEBS? 327
6.5 | DIVERSITY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND INVASIBILITY RELATIONSHIPS IN ROCK POOL FOOD WEBS 340
6.6 | MEASURING THE FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF FOOD WEBS 353
7.0 | TRACING PERTURBATION EFFECTS IN FOOD WEBS: THE POTENTIAL AND LIMITATION OF EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES 367
7.1 | INSIGHT INTO POLLUTION EFFECTS IN COMPLEX RIVERINE HABITATS: A ROLE FOR FOOD WEB EXPERIMENTS 373
7.2 | PERTURBATIONS AND INDIRECT EFFECTS IN COMPLEX FOOD WEBS 388
7.3 | DEALING WITH MODEL UNCERTAINTY IN TROPHODYNAMIC MODELS: A PATAGONIAN EXAMPLE 400
7.4 | DESCRIBING A SPECIES-RICH RIVER FOOD WEB USING STABLE ISOTOPES, STOMACH CONTENTS, AND FUNCTIONAL EXPERIMENTS 414
7.5 | COMMUNICATING ECOLOGY THROUGH FOOD WEBS: VISUALIZING AND QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF STOCKING ALPINE LAKES WITH TROUT 426
8.0 | PREFACE: THEMATIC REVIEWS 443
8.1 | HOW DO COMPLEX FOOD WEBS PERSIST IN NATURE? 444
8.2 | POPULATION DYNAMICS AND FOOD WEB STRUCTURE - PREDICTING MEASURABLE FOOD WEB PROPERTIES WITH MINIMAL DETAIL AND RESOLUTION 456
8.3 | CENTRAL ISSUES FOR AQUATIC FOOD WEBS: FROM CHEMICAL CUES TO WHOLE SYSTEM RESPONSES 470
8.4 | SPATIAL ASPECTS OF FOOD WEBS 482
back matter 490
References 490
Keywords 560
index 572
Color Plates 610