Advances in Clinical Chemistry (eBook)

Cover 1
Copyright Page 5
CONTENTS 6
CONTRIBUTORS 10
PREFACE 12
Chapter 1. Cerebrospinal Fluid 14
1. Introduction 15
2. Routine Biochemistry of the CSF 16
3. CSF Proteins and Evaluation of the CSF Proteinogram 18
4. Isoelectric Focusing of the CSF 38
5. Multiple Sclerosis 45
6. Neuroborreliosis 52
7. CSF Cytology 58
8. Conclusions 69
References 69
Chapter 2. Apoptosis, Part I: Biochemical Assessment 76
1. Apoptosis: An Overview 77
2. Apoptosis and Disease 81
3. Biological Functions of Intracellular Regulators of Apoptosis 84
4. Biochemical Assessment of Apoptosis 91
5. Conclusions and Perspective 110
References 111
Chapter 3. Apoptosis, Part II: The Role of Mutated Fas Genes in Tumorigenesis 122
1. Introduction 122
2. Fas Gene and Its Two Main Transcripts Encoding Membrane and Soluble Isoforms 124
3. Defects of Fas Expression in Tumors. 126
4. Fas Mutations and Various Disorders in Experimental Animals and Humans 134
5. Conclusions 146
References 147
Chapter 4. Noncompetitive Immunoassays for Small Molecules with High Sensitivity and Specificity 152
Introduction: Principle and Advantages of Noncompetitive Immunoassays 153
2. Noncompetitive Hapten Immunoassays Employing Chemical Derivatization of an Analyte Permitting Sandwich-Type Determination 158
3. Improved Single-Antibody Immunometric Assays 164
4. Noncompetitive Hapten Immunoassays Using New-Generation Antibody Reagents 171
5. Conclusion 179
References 180
Chapter 5. DNA Genotyping 184
1. Overview 185
2. Three Components to Genetic Testing 198
3. Pre-analytic Component 205
4. Overview of Analytic Phase 216
5. Specimen Accessioning and Sample Preparation 219
6. Technology for Analysis I 221
7. Technology for Analysis 233
8. Technology for Analysis III 233
9. Minimal Residual Disease, Viral Load, and Gene Quantitation 234
10. Emerging Technologies 236
11. Post-analytic Component 241
12. Final Words 243
References 243
Chapter 6. Biochemical Hematology of Platelets and Leukocytes 248
1. Introduction 248
2. Biochemistry of Normal Platelet Function 249
3. Platelet Pathology 254
4. Biochemical Basis for Neutrophil Function 261
5. Lymphocytes and Their Immune Function 267
6. Conclusion 273
References 273
INDEX 280