Advances in Clinical Chemistry (eBook)

Cover Page 1
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Preface 12
Chapter 1: Tumor Markers in Detection of Lung Cancer 13
1. Abstract 13
2. Introduction 14
3. Blood/Serum Tumor Markers in the Detection of Lung Cancers 14
4. Role of Serum Tumor Markers in the Detection of Lung Cancers 16
5. Role of Other Serum Markers in the Detection of Lung Cancers 36
6. Role of a Tumor Marker Panel in Improving the Detection of Lung Cancers 38
7. Value of Less Frequently Used Markers in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancers 39
8. Summary and Conclusions 42
References 42
Chapter 2: Advances in Serum Protein Electrophoresis 55
1. Abstract 56
2. Introduction 56
3. Technique 56
4. Instruments 58
5. Precision 59
6. Comparison with Gel-Based Techniques 60
7. Reference Intervals 60
8. Electrophoretic Patterns 62
9. Online Processing of Digital Absorbance Data 66
10. Detection of Monoclonal Proteins 70
11. Typing of Monoclonal Proteins 77
12. Urine and Body Fluid Analysis 79
13. Quality Control 80
14. Interferences 81
15. "Open" Capillary Electrophoresis Systems 88
16. Conclusions 89
Acknowledgment 89
References 89
Chapter 3: Aspirin Resistance: A.Review Of Diagnostic.Methodology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Utility 93
1. Abstract 93
2. Introduction 94
3. Aspirin: Mechanism of Action 95
4. Methods to Detect Aspirin Resistance 96
5. Aspirin Resistance Associated with Adverse Outcomes 107
6. Mechanisms of Aspirin Resistance 109
7. Aspirin Resistance Associated with Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease 115
8. Summary and Recommendations 118
References 119
Chapter 4: Vitreous Fluid Biomarkers 123
1. Abstract 123
2. Introduction 124
3. Methods 125
4. Molecular Biology 129
5. Ocular Disease and Clinical Significance 144
6. Conclusions 166
References 166
Chapter 5: Tumor-associated Carbonic Anhydrases and Their Clinical Significance 179
1. Abstract 180
2. Carbonic Anhydrases 180
3. Basic Characteristics of CA IX and CA XII 184
4. Regulation of CA IX/CA XII Expression 193
5. Distribution of CA IX/CA XII in Tumors and Their Clinical Usefulness 199
6. Role of CA IX/CA XII in Tumor Progression 204
7. CA IX and CA XII as Molecular Targets for Anticancer Therapy 210
8. Concluding Remarks 215
Acknowledgments 216
References 216
Chapter 6: Mitochondrial Disease: Maintenance of Mitochondrial Genome and Molecular Diagnostics 229
1. Abstract 230
2. Introduction 230
3. Human Mitochondrial DNA 232
4. Maintenance of Mitochondrial DNA 235
5. Pathogenesis of Mitochondrial DNA Mutation 238
6. Tests of Mitochondrial DNA 240
7. Mitochondrial DNA in Common Disease 252
8. Nuclear DNA Mutations and Mitochondrial Disease 256
9. Perspectives 257
10. Conclusion and Remarks 258
Acknowledgments 259
References 259
Chapter 7: Microfluidic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Technology 267
1. Abstract 268
2. Introduction 268
3. Key Issues in Developing Microfluidic ELISA Technology 280
4. Applications of Microfabricated Immunoassay Systems 296
5. Concluding Remarks 300
References 301
Chapter 8: Pathogenic Mechanisms Of Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies (AECA): Their Prevalence And Clinical Relevance 309
1. Abstract 309
2. Introduction 310
3. Methods of AECA Detection 311
4. AECA in Autoimmune Diseases 313
5. Pathogenic Mechanisms of AECA 321
6. Conclusions 329
References 329
Index 339