Advances in Drug Research (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 4
Contributors 8
Preface: Circles in drug research 9
Chapter 1. Stereochemical Aspects of Drug Action and Disposition 12
1 Introduction 13
2 Stereoselectivity in Drug Action 14
3 Stereoselectivity in Drug Disposition 25
4 Stereoselectivity and Toxicity 53
5 Implications and Consequences 54
6 Drug Development 62
7 Conclusion 65
References 66
Chapter 2. Advances in the Development of Pharmaceutical Antioxidants 76
1 Introduction 78
2 Endogenous Defence Systems 89
3 Semisynthetic Analogues of Endogenous Antioxidants 96
4 Natural Products 103
5 Synthetic Antioxidants 121
6 Clinical Agents 151
7 Conclusions 174
Acknowledgements 176
References 176
Chapter 3. Multidrug Resistance of Cancer Cells 192
1 Introduction and Overview 193
2 MDR1 and Clinical Multidrug Resistance 196
3 Mechanism of Action of the MDR1 Gene Product 208
4 MDR1 Gene Regulation 230
5 Other Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance 237
6 Prospects for Pgp-related Chemotherapy 243
Acknowledgements 248
References 249
Chapter 4. Bioactivation of Organic Nitrates and Other Nitrovasodilators 264
1 Introduction 264
2 Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP as Meditiaiors of Organic Nitrate Action 265
3 Nitric Oxide Formation from Organic Nitrates in Cell-free Systems 265
4 Cytochrome P450 as a Mediator of Nitric Oxide Formation from Organic Nitrates in Intact Cells 268
5 Unanswered Questions 271
6 Outlook 274
References 275
Chapter 5. The Vitamin D Endocrine System and its Therapeutic Potential 280
1 Historical Introduction 281
2 Biosynthesis of Vitamin D 283
3 Metabolism of Vitamin D 284
4 Mechanism of Action of 1,25-(OH)2D3 291
5 Functions of Vitamin D 297
6 Regulation of the Vitamin D Endocrine System 303
7 Therapeutic Uses of Vitamin D Metabolites and Analogues 305
8 Conclusions and Future Directions 312
Acknowledgements 313
References 313
Chapter 6. Dopamine Receptors : Studies on Structure and Function 324
1 Multiple Dopamine Receptors 326
2 Common Properties of Dopamine Receptor Subtypes Defined by Molecular Biology 326
3 Distinct Properties of the Dopamine Receptor Subtypes Defined by Molecular Biological Techniques 331
4 The Mechanism of Binding of Ligands to Dopamine Receptors 337
5 Conclusions 357
References 358
Subject Index 364
Cumulative Index of Authors 378
Cumulative Index of Titles 382