Proceedings of the Twentieth International Cryogenic Engineering Conference (ICEC20) (eBook)

Cover 1
Copyright page 5
Contents 10
Preface 6
International Cryogenic Engineering Committee and Honorary Members 7
Local Organizing Committees 8
ICEC 20 Sponsor, ICEC 20 Co-Sponsors and ICEC 20 Exhibitors 9
Mendelssohn Award Lecture: Our life with Cryogenics 28
LARGE SCALE REFRIGERATION 38
Cryogenics in Russia: Development of Basic Cryogenic Cycles 38
Cryogenics in Russia 46
Conceptual Design of a 2kW Cryogenic System for the Neutrino Superconducting Beam Line Magnet System in the J-PARC 50GeV Proton Accelerator 54
The Neutral Beam Test Facility Cryopumping Operation: Preliminary Analysis and Design of the Cryogenic System 58
Performance of a Cryogenic System for the Superconducting RF Cavity at NSRRC 62
The Cryogenic System of BESIII in Preliminary Design 66
Design Issues of the Distribution Valve Box of the KSTAR Helium Refrigerator 70
A Retrospect on the Successful Commissioning of the Linde 18kW Refrigerators for the LHC Particle Accelerator at CERN 74
Helium Refrigeration System for Wendelstein 7-X 78
CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS AND TEST FACILITIES 82
Cryogen Free Refrigeration to 270mK by Adiabatic Expansion of He[(3)] Gas 82
Development of the Cryogenic Ground Support Equipment (CGSE) for the Superconducting Magnet of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) 90
Unique Method for Liquid Nitrogen Precooling of a Plate Fin Heat Exchanger in a Helium Refrigeration Cycle 94
Test Results and Analysis of Cryogenic System for Cooling HTS Cables and the Next Stage Plan 98
Cryogenic Facility Design in BEPCII Superconducting Upgrade 102
First Cold Test of the ISAC-II Medium Beta Cryomodule 106
Experimental Study of Self-pressurizing Transfer System for Cryogenic Liquid 110
Design of a Cooling System for the Cold Test of the ITER TF Coils before Installation 114
Study on Key-tech Problems in Development of a Cold Neutron Source in China Advanced Research Reactor 118
Experiences from the Operation Tests with the ITER Model Pump 122
Design of Cryogenic System for the KSTAR Device 126
Air Liquid Cryogenic System for the KSTAR Device 130
Cryogenic System for BEPCII Cavity IR Quadrupole and Detector Solenoid Magnets 134
Status of the ISAC-II Cryogenic System 138
Overview of Different Standard Helium Liquefiers/Refrigerators for Various Applications 142
Standard Liquefier-Test Results with Improved Turbines 146
Thermal Fluid Modeling of BEPCII IR Quadrupole Magnet Cryostat 150
COOLERS 154
Recent Developments on Cryocoolers in Europe 154
Experimental Study on a Split Free-Piston Stirling Cooler for Space Applications 164
The Effects of the Clearance in the Cold Finger on the Performance of the Stirling Refrigerator 168
Development of a Stirling Cryocooler with Linear Guidway Supports 172
Novel Regenerator Design and its Experimental Characteristics 176
Investigation of a Single-Stage G-M Refrigerator with High Cooling Capacity for HTS Devices 180
Preliminary Study on GM Refrigerator with Heat Exchanger 184
Dimensional Analysis on Multi-Component Mixed-Refrigerants Flow Characteristics in Adiabatic Capillary Tube 188
An Experimental Research on a Small Flow Vortex Tube at Low Temperature Ranges 192
Performance of Different Throttle Refrigeration Cycles 196
A 70 K J-T Cryocooler Based on the Fractional Mixed-Refrigerant Cycle 200
Development of a Cryogenic Water-Trap Based on the Recuperative Mixture Refrigeration Cycle 204
Room Temperature Magnetic Refrigerator using Both Metal Gd or/and Gd-Si-Ge Alloys and a Permanent Magnetic Field Source 208
Properties of Thermoelectric Device with (Bi[(x)]Sb[(1-x)])[(2)](Te[(y)]Se[(1-y)])[(3)] Materials 212
PULSE TUBE COOLERS 216
Future Trend of Pulse Tube Cryocooler Research 216
Performance of a Pulse Tube Cryocooler with Two Separate Stages using [(3)]He in the Second Stage 224
Experimental Analysis of the Oscillating Flow Characteristics for High Frequency Regenerators 228
Regenerative Recuperator for Tandem 4 K Pulse Tube Refrigerator 232
Experimental Investigation on DC Flow Suppression and Refrigeration Characteristics of a High-Performance Single-Stage GM-Type PTC 236
Use of Ceramic Part in G-M Refrigerator 240
A Study on the In-Line Type Inertance Tube Pulse Tube Cryocooler 244
Experiment on a Single-Stage GM Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler near 20K 248
Design and Test of a 80 K Miniature Pulse Tube Cryocooler 252
Development of the 3.5 W at 80 K High-Frequency Pulse Tube Cryocooler 256
The Effect of Timing Ratio of Injecting to Rejecting on G-M Type PTCs Cooling Temperature 260
Comparison of Oscillating Flow Characteristics of a Metallic and a Nonmetallic Regenerator at High Frequencies 264
Analysis of Inertance Tube in the Pulse Tube Refrigerator 268
Single Stage Double-Inlet Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Integral Thermo-Electric Cooler 272
Experimental Study of Wall Temperature Distribution of Stirling Type Pulse Tube Refrigerator (SPTR) 276
Studies on a Single Stage GM Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler using an Indigenous Helium Compressor 280
Experimental Investigation on the Performances of Gas Flow in Oscillating Tube 284
Optimal Vector Analysis of the Phase Shifter in the Pulse Tube Refrigerator 288
Characteristics of 4 K Pulse Tube Cryocoolers in Applications 292
Experimental Investigation on Heat Transfer Performance of a Cryogenic Thermosyphon 296
Reduction of Convective Heat Losses in Pulse Tube Refrigerators by Additional DC Flow 300
Interference Characterization of Stirling-Type Nonmagnetic and Nonmetallic Pulse Tube Cryocoolers for High-Tc SQUIDs Operation 304
Performance of Vibration-Free Pulse Tube Cryocooler System for a Gravitational Wave Detector 308
Influence of He-H[(2)] Mixture Proportion on the Performance of Pulse Tube Refrigerator 312
Three Dimensional Numerical Computation of the Flow Field in a Pulse Tube 316
Comparison of the Performance of Regenerators to Counterflow Heat Exchangers 320
Temperature Hysteresis in a GM-Type Orifice Pulse Tube Refrigerator 324
THERMO-ACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION SYSTEM 328
Theoretical Prediction on the Coupling of Thermoacoustic Prime Mover and RC Load 328
Lattice Gas Modeling of Thermoacoustic Oscillations 332
Characteristics of a Miniature Pulse Tube Cooler Driven by Thermoacoustic Standing Wave Engine 336
Experimental Investigation on the Dynamic Character of Thermoacoustic Engine and Parameters of Regenerator 340
Basic Operation Principle of a Novel Cascade Thermoacoustic Prime Mover 344
Study on a Linear Compressor with Metal-Bellow Replacing Conventional Cylinder-Piston Unit 348
Analytical Model for Onset Temperature Difference of Thermoacoustic Stirling Prime Movers 352
Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of the Inertance Tube 356
Numerical Simulation on a Novel Cascade Thermoacoustic Prime Mover 360
New Perspective on Thermodynamic Cycles of Oscillating Flow Regenerators 364
Experimental Investigation on a Room-Temperature Traveling-Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerator 368
Study on Thermoacoustic Resonance Pipe Driven by Loudspeaker using Two-Microphone Method 372
Stack and Frequency's Coupling Characteristic Analysis in Thermoacoustic Systems 376
Numerical Simulation of Loudspeaker-Driven Thermoacoustic Refrigerator 380
Study on the Optimal Characteristic Dimension of Regenerator in a Thermoacoustic Engine 384
Investigation on Acoustic Characteristics of Regenerator in the Thermoacoustic Apparatus 388
Discussion on Resonant Frequency in Thermoacoustic Systems 392
Figure of Merit for Regenerator Working in Acoustic Field 396
Investigation of Acoustic Streaming in a Thermoacoustic-Stirling Heat Engine 402
Investigation on a Thermoacoustically Driven Pulse Tube Cooler Working at 82.5 K 406
Thermoacoustic Turbulent-Flow Model for Inertance Tubes used for Pulse Tube Refrigerators 410
Thermoacoustically Driven Pulse Tube Refrigeration below 90 K 414
SPACE CRYOGENICS 418
New Generation of Cooled Infrared Space Telescopes 418
Study on Electricity Generation Performance of Thermoelectric Device in Extreme Environmental Conditions 428
Experimental Investigation on He II Porous Plug Liquid-Vapor Phase Separator 432
Novel Cryogenic Motion Control for Aerospace 436
Spitzer Space Telescope Thermal/Cryogenic System Flight Performance 440
Thermal Validation of the Design of the CFRP Support Members to be used in the Spatial Framework of the Herschel Space Observatory 446
Development and Testing of a Novel Thermal Switch 450
Cryocoolers Development and Integration for Space Applications at Air Liquide 454
Overview of the Air Liquide Cryogenic Ground Space Activities for Launchers and Satellites 464
Thermal Analysis of Cryogenic Rocket Engine with One, Two and Three Dimensional Approaches 468
Liquid Hydrogen Droplet Generation from a Vibrating Orifice 472
The Working Performance of Radiant Cooler in Thermal Vacuum Test 476
A Study on the Conic Support in the Radiant Cooler 480
Analysis of the Influences of View Angle on Paraboloid W Style Radiant Cooler's Working Performance 484
CRYOGENIC COMPONENTS AND MACHINERY 488
Design and Manufacturing of Cryosorption Pumps for Testbeds of ITER Relevant Neutral Beam Injectors 488
Simple Method for Calculation of Cryogenic Transfer Line Cool Down 492
Study of New Aerodynamic Foil Thrust Gas Bearing with Elastic Support for Cryogenic Turbo-Expander 496
Design of Small Turbo Brayton Cycle Air Refrigerator Test Rig 500
Analysis of Centrifugal Stresses in the Rotor of a Cryogenic Turboexpander 504
Study of Temperature Distribution of Flat Steel Ribbon Wound Cryogenic High-pressure Vessel 510
The Design and Study of a Reciprocating Helium Compressor 514
SUPERCONDUCTOR BEHAVIOUR 518
Strain Effects on the Critical Current of Bi-2223/Ag Tape 518
Thermal, Electrical Properties and Microstructure of High Purity Niobium for High Gradient Superconducting Cavities 522
AC Loss Characteristics of Bi-2212 Multifilamentary Round Wires and their Cables 526
Property of Joint Resistance of Bi2223 Multi-filamentary Tape by Using Sn-Pb Solder 530
Quench Characteristics of High-T[(c)] Superconducting Tape for Alternating Over-Current using DFT 534
Dip-coated Yba[sub(2)]Cu[sub(3)]O[(7-x)] Films on Ag Substrate by MOD Method 538
Influence of Ag Substrate Surface Condition on Surface Morphology of YBCO Film 544
Boiling Heat Transfer to Liquid Nitrogen Pool from Ag Sheathed PbBi2223 Tapes Carrying Over-Current 548
Equivalent Circuit Model for High-T[(c)], Superconducting Flux Flow Transistor with a Dual-Gate Structure 552
Direct Observation of Percolation and Phase Separation in Pr[(5/8)]Ca[(3/8)]MnO[(3)] System 556
The Reentrant Behaviour of Spin-Glass Phase in (La,Pr)[(0.5)]Ca[(0.5)]MnO[(3)] Manganites 560
Anisotropic Transport and Magnetic Properties of Pr[(1/2)]Sr[(1/2)]MnO[(3)] Single Crystal Sample 564
Dependence of Structure and Magnetic Properties on Magnetic Field and Temperature for Bi-Mn Alloy 568
Physical Properties in Layered Transition-Metal Oxide Crystals and Anisotropic Transport Measurement 572
Design of a Cryogenic Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator using HTS 576
A New Method of Zooming in the Cool Power of the Room Temperature Magnetic Refrigeration 580
Extended Power Law of Nonlinear Transport Properties of Superconducting Materials 584
AC Loss Characteristics of HTS Tapes Subject to Bending Strains 588
LTS SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES 592
EAST Superconducting Tokamak Device 592
Challenges of Large Scale Superconducting Accelerators 598
Cryogen-free Superconducting Magnet Fabricated by a React-and-Wind Method Employing Nb[(3)]Sn Wires with CuNbTi Reinforcement 600
Design and Manufacture of a NbTi Insert Module Relevant for the ITER PF Magnets Conductor 604
Multi-Tube Power Leads Tower for BEPCII IR Magnets 608
The MICE Focusing Solenoids and their Cooling System 612
Evaluation of the ITER Cable in Conduit Conductor Heat Transfer 616
The BESIII Detector Magnet 620
Stability Analysis for Cryocooled Aluminurn-Stabilized Superconducting Magnet 624
Thermal Design of BESIII Magnet 628
A Numerical Code to Simulate Quenching in Conduction Cooled Superconducting Magnet 632
Numerical Simulation on Thermal Stress and Magnetic Forces of Current Leads in BEPCII 636
Design and Manufacture of a Low-Current ADR Magnet for a Space Application 640
Study of Stress, Strain in Super-Conducting Magnet by Fiber-Bragg Grating 644
HTS SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES 648
Design Study of Conduction-cooled High Temperature Superconducting Magnet 648
Testing the Coils of the Superconducting Magnet for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 652
Characterization of the Quenching Process and the Protection of an ac High Temperature Superconductor Coil 656
Technical Analyses of HTS Bulk used in a Rotating Machine 660
Investigation of the Subcooled LN2 Characteristics in the Prototype Cryostat for the Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 664
LN2 Forced Flow Cooling on HTS Power Cables 668
Shape Optimization of Field Windings in a High Temperature Superconducting Synchronous Generator with Finite Element Method 672
Development and Testing of 10.5kV/1.5kA HTS Power Cable 676
Normal Transition in YBCO Thin Film and its Effect on Current Limiting Characteristics 680
Study on a Hybrid Superconducting Magnetic Bearing System 684
Electromagnetic Design and Analysis of a PM Motor with HTS Bulk 688
Finite-Element Simulation of HTS Bulk Reluctance Motor 692
A Current Compensation Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter 696
Evaluation on Power System Transient Stability with Resistor Type SFCL and Parameter Design 700
Effects of Bias Power Supply on Bridge Type Superconducting FCL 704
20kA HTS Current Leads for EAST Tokamak Project 708
Design of Cooling System and Temperature Characteristics Analysis of High Temperature Superconducting Demonstrative Synchronous Generator 712
A Prototype 4m, 2kA, AC HTS Power Cable System 716
Development of a Three-Phase HTS Power Transformer 720
Thermal Stability and Quench Propagation in a Cryocooler-Cooled Pancake Coil of BI-2223 Tape Operating Between 35K and 65K 724
A New Concept of Bridge Fault Current Limiter-SMES for Interline Application to Improve Power Quality 728
Design and Primary Experiment for a Single Phase 220V/100A/6kW Bridge Fault Current Limiter-SMES 732
Fabrication and Characterization of Bi-2223 Coils for Generator Applications 736
Shape Optimization of HTS Magnets using Hybrid Genetic Algorithms 740
An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Control Strategy for the Bridge Type Superconducting Fault Current Controller 744
APPLICATIONS 748
Cryoelectronics – An Experimental Examination of the Behaviour of Power Electronic Devices at Low Temperatures 748
Operational Amplifiers in the Temperature Range from 300 to 4 K 752
Development and Test of a Cryopulverizer for Reprocessing Plastic Wastes 756
A Cryostat with Optics Windows for Study of ICF Cryogenics Target 760
Temperature Effects on Formation of a Uniform Layer of Isotopes Inside a Cryogenic ICF Target 764
GAS LIQUEFACTION AND SEPARATION 768
Optimization Analysis of Peakshaving Cycle to Liquefy the Natural Gas 768
The Experimental Study on the Performance of a Small-Scale Oxygen Concentrator by PSA 772
The Thermodynamic Analysis and Adjusting Methods for Reliquefaction Plant on Board LEG Carriers 776
A Study of the Optimum Temperature for Hydrogen Storage on Carbon Nanostructures 780
Design of Vortex Tubes and Experimental Program on LOX Separation using Cryogenic Vortex Tubes 784
HEAT TRANSFER AND THERMAL INSULATION 788
Heat Transfer Enhancement of He II Co-Current Two-Phase Flow in the Presence of Atomisation 788
Design Consideration Validation of Cryo-Components for Current Feeder System of SST-1 using Flexibility Analysis 792
Contractible Thermosyphon for Conduction Cooled Superconducting Magnets 796
Experimental Characterization of the Hydraulic Behavior of Cooling for Toroidal Field Magnet of SST-1 800
Performance Analysis of Counter Flow Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers Considering the Effect of Longitudinal Conduction 804
Investigation of Header Configuration and its Effect on Flow Maldistribution in Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger 808
Experimental Investigation on High Performance Cryogenic Heat Transfer Based upon Natural Circulation Cooling 812
Film Boiling Modes in Weakly Subcooled He II around Lambda Pressure 816
Modeling of Multilayer Vacuum Insulation – Complexity Versus Accuracy 820
Experimental Study of the Narrow Channel Heat Transfer in Liquid Nitrogen 824
Observation of Various Boiling States in Nearly Saturated He II 828
Heat Transfer During Natural Convective Boiling in a Vertical Uniformly Heated Closed Tube Submerged in Saturated Helium 832
Several Problems in the Thermal Contact Resistance Research of Solid Interfaces at Low Temperature 836
CFD Approach to Thermal Pulse Propagation and Heat Transfer in Forced Flow Field of He II 840
Investigation of Thermal Insulation for HTS Cable Systems 844
Experimental Investigation on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Pure Refrigerants and Binary Mixtures 848
Modeling the Thermal Mechanical Behavior of a 300 K Vacuum Vessel that is Cooled by Liquid Hydrogen in Film Boiling 852
Fractal Description of Thermal Contact Resistance between Rough Surfaces at Low Temperature 856
Study of Two Phase Flow Distribution and its Influence in a Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger 860
A Thermodynamic Optimization of Countefflow Recuperative-Type Heat Exchangers 864
A New Type of Condenser-Evaporator Safely Operated in Large Air Separation Plant 868
Heat Transfer in Gas Filled Pipes with Closed Warm End under Different Orientations 872
Normalized Representation for Steady State Heat Transport in a Channel Containing He II Covering Pressure Range up to 1.5 Mpa 876
Thermal Insulation of the Wendelstein 7-X Superconducting Magnet System 880
Modeling Free Convection Flow of Liquid Hydrogen Within a Cylindrical Heat Exchanger Cooled to 14 K 884
Experiment on Natural Convection of Subcooled Liquid Nitrogen 888
CRYOGENS 892
Numerical Simulation of Flow Boiling of Cryogenic Liquids in Tubes 892
A Density Equation for Saturated Helium-3 896
The Characterization of Carbon Nanofibres Based on N[(2)] Adsorption Isotherms at 77 K 900
Experimental Investigation into Storage of Confined Cryogenic Liquids without Evaporation Venting 904
Thermal Stress Analysis of Cryogenic Adhesive Joints for Non-Magnetic Dewar 908
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES 912
Development of Cryogenic Structural Materials 912
Thermal Conductivity of Materials and Measuring System at Cryogenic Temperature 922
Cryogenic Properties of Polymer Composite Materials – A Review 926
CRYOFLUIDS – A Software for Physical Property Data of Cryogenic Fluids 930
Discussion on Gibbons' Equation of State for Helium-3 938
An Internet-Based Working Fluid Properties Database 942
A New Process for the Preparation of Polyimide/Silica Hybrid Films 946
CRYOGENIC INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL 950
Design of a Fibre Reinforced Plastic Anticryostat for Magnetorelaxometric Measurements 950
Measurement of Heat Load on the Current Lead Using Boil-Off Calorimetry 954
Alignment of the ISAC-II Medium Beta Cryomodule with a Wire Monitoring System 958
Digital Temperature Sensors in the Range of 77-300 K 962
Measurement of Characteristic Feature of Cavitation Flows of He I and He II 966
Application of PIV Technique to Cavitating Flows of Liquid Helium 970
Measurement of the Cryogenic Tensile Properties of Polymer Composites 974
High Precise Thermopower Measurement System and its Applying to Organic Conductors (TMTSF)[(2)]CIO[(4)] in a Direction 978
Multichannel Temperature Monitor Compatible with PC 982
Interchangeability of Diode Temperature Sensors for Various Non-Standard Excitation Currents 986
The Laser Megajoule CryoTarget Thermal Regulation 990
Discussion of the Protection of Pressure Vessels by using Safety Valves-Rupture Disc-Combinations 994
New Temperature and Magnetic Field Sensors for Cryogenic Applications Developed Under a European Project 998
CRYOGENICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1002
Characterization Studies of Sputter Deposited Cermet Cryogenic Heaters 1002
Study of Skin Burns due to Contact with Cold Mediums at Extremely Low Temperature 1006
A New Method for Uniformly Cooling Engineered Tissues 1010
Comparative Analysis of the Cryogens used in Cryomedical Applications 1014
LHC 1018
Measured Performance of Four New 18 kW@4.5 K Helium Refrigerators for the LHC Cryogenic System 1018
Overview of the Air Liquide Cryogenic Systems Designed for CERN LHC 1022
1.8 K Refrigeration Units for the LHC: Performance Assessment of Pre-Series Units 1026
The Applicability of Ultrasonic Oxygen Deficiency Hazard Detectors in the LHC Accelerator Tunnel 1030
Numerical Study of the Final Cooldown from 4.5 K to 1.9 K of the Large Hadron Collider 1034
Flow and Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of the LHC Sector Helium Relief System 1038
Cryogenic Infrastructure for Testing of LHC Series Superconducting Magnets 1042
Final Testing of the ATLAS Central Solenoid before Installation 1046
Control System and Operation of the Cryogenic Test Facilities for LHC Series Superconducting Magnets 1050
Studies on Cooling of the TOTEM Particle Detector at the LHC 1054
Cryogenics Safety Review of the ATLAS Experiment at CERN 1058
Series Production of 13 kA Current Leads with Dry and Compact Warm Terminals 1062
Measurement of the Thermal Properties of Prototype Lambda Plates for the LHC 1066
The Cold-Compressor Systems for the LHC Cryoplants at CERN 1070
Two 100 m Invar® Transfer Lines at CERN: Design Principles and Operating Experience for Helium Refrigeration 1074
Experience with the String2 Cryogenic Instrumentation and Control System 1078
The Management of Cryogens at CERN 1082
Conceptual Design of the Cryogenic Electrical Feedboxes and the Superconducting Links of LHC 1086
Author Index 1090
A 1090
B 1090
C 1090
D 1090
F 1090
G 1091
H 1091
I 1091
J 1091
K 1091
L 1091
M 1092
N 1092
O 1092
P 1092
Q 1092
R 1092
S 1092
T 1093
U 1093
V 1093
W 1093
X 1093
Y 1093
Z 1093