High-Temperature Superconducting Materials Science and Engineering (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 6
Preface 12
Acronyms 14
Chapter 1. High-Temperature Superconductivity in the Layered Cuprates: An Overview 19
1.1 Crystal Chemistry„Structure and Function: Why are Layered Cuprates so Special? 19
1.2 Normal-State Percolative Transport in Ferroelastic Anionic Metals 22
1.3 Field-Dependent Resistive Transition and Tinkham-Josephson Networks: Microscopic Percolation 29
1.4 Resonant Pinning Centers and Interlayer Coupling: Microscopic Formulae for Tc and Eg 33
1.5 References 36
1.6 Recommended Reading for Chapter 1 38
Chapter 2. Properties of High-Temperature Superconductors: New Considerations in Measurements 39
2.1 Background 40
2.2 Cryogenic Systems and Technical Considerations 44
2.3 Measurements of Properties of High-Temperature Superconducting Materials 49
2.4 Results 64
2.5 Summary 91
2.6 References 92
2.7 Recommended Readings for Chapter 2 96
Chapter 3. Crystal Structures and Phase Equilibria 99
3.1 Structural Features of Superconducting Copper Oxides 99
3.2 Descriptions of the Structures for Superconducting Copper Oxides 110
3.3 Roles of Charge Reservoirs in Superconductivity 122
3.4 Phase Equilibria and Phase Stabilities 133
3.5 References 146
3.6 Recommended Readings for Chapter 3 147
Chapter 4. Statics and Dynamics of the Vortex State in Type II Superconductors 149
4.1 The Mixed State 149
4.2 Properties of an Isolated Vortex 149
4.3 Critical State Models 153
4.4 Flux Pinning in Type II Superconductors 158
4.5 Flux Motion 174
4.6 Magnetic Relaxation in a Type II Superconductor 177
4.7 References 209
4.8 Recommended Readings for Chapter 4 214
Chapter 5. Structural Defects in YBa2Cu3O7-d Superconductors 217
5.1 Intragranular Structural Defects 219
5.2 Intragranular Structural Defects„Grain Boundaries 251
5.3 References 271
5.4 Recommended Readings for Chapter 5 276
Chapter 6. Transport Critical Currents 277
6.1 Terminology 277
6.2 E-J Characteristics 281
6.3 Transport Critical Current Measurements 294
6.4 Ic Measurements on HTS 302
6.5 Temperature and Field Dependence of Transport Critical Currents in High-Temperature Superconducting Materials 307
6.6 Technological Implications 316
6.7 Summary and Concluding Remarks 320
6.8 References 320
6.9 Recommended Readings for Chapter 6 322
Chapter 7. High-Temperature Superconducting Thin Films 323
7.1 Thin-Film Fabrication 324
7.2 Substrates 337
7.3 Multilayers 341
7.4 Characterization of HTS Thin Films 344
7.5 Applications of HTS Thin Films 350
7.6 Status of HTS Thin Films 354
7.7 References 357
7.8 Recommended Readings for Chapter 7 361
Chapter 8. Bulk Processing and Characterization of YBa2Cu3O6+x 363
8.1 Powder Preparation 363
8.2 Sintering 366
8.3 Thick-Film Processing 367
8.4 Wire Processing 368
8.5 Weak Links 368
8.6 Melt-Texture Processing 370
8.7 Critical Current Density Measurements 391
8.8 Mechanical Properties 392
8.9 Summary 393
8.10 References 394
8.11 Recommended Readings for Chapter 8 398
Chapter 9. Processing Bi-Based High-Tc Superconducting Tapes, Wires, and Thick Films for Conductor Applications 401
9.1 Introduction 401
9.2 Powder Processing 407
9.3 Fabricating BSCCO Conductors 411
9.4 Melt-Processing 2212 Conductors 418
9.5 Toward Phase-Pure 2212 Conductors–Methods to Minimize or Eliminate 1:1 AEC 432
9.6 Bubbling in 2212 Tapes and Wires 433
9.7 Carbon Effects in 2212 Tapes and Wires 434
9.8 Step Solidification Melt Processing of 2212 Conductors 437
9.9 Actual Melt-Processing Schedules for 2212 Conductors 438
9.10 Suggestions for Making 2212 Conductors 442
9.11 Future Directions for Melt-Processing 2212 Conductors 443
9.12 2223 Conductors 444
9.13 Summary 453
9.14 References 454
9.15 Recommended Readings for Chapter 9 458
Chapter 10. Applications for High-Temperature Superconductors 459
10.1 Introduction 459
10.2 HTS Conductors/Coils 461
10.3 Commercial Applications 464
10.4 Propulsion/Levitation 470
10.5 Particle Accelerators 474
10.6 Power Applications 478
10.7 The Future 487
10.8 Acknowledgement 488
10.9 References 488
10.10 Recommended Readings for Chapter 10 491
Index 493
Contributors 16
Credits 18