Criminal Evidence

SECTION ONE: PRELIMINARY MATTERS: SETTING THE STAGE; 1. INTRODUCTION; The Development of the Law; Sources of Law; Sources of Individual Rights; Rules of Evidence; 2. THE AMERICAN CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM; Jurisdiction; The Federal Courts; The State Courts; Court Actors; Overview of the Criminal Process; 3. SOME IMPORTANT UNDERLYING CONCEPTS; Burdens of Production and Proof; The Exclusionary Rule; Affirmative Defenses; 4. FORMS OF EVIDENCE; Types of Evidence; Direct and Circumstantial Evidence; Judicial Notice; Presumptions and Inferences; Stipulations; SECTION TWO: ARREST AND SEARCH PROCEDURE; 5. AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FOURTH AMENDMENT; Introduction; A Framework for Analyzing the Fourth Amendment; When a Search Occurs; Definition of Seizure; When a Search Is Reasonable: The Doctrine of Justification; Standing; 6. ARRESTS AND SEARCHES WITH WARRANTS; Search and Arrest Warrant Components; Arrest Warrants; Search Warrants; Special Circumstances; 7. ARRESTS AND SEARCHES WITHOUT WARRANTS; Warrantless Actions Based on Probable Cause; Warrantless Actions Based on Reasonable Suspicion; Warrantless Actions Based on Administrative Justification; Checkpoints; Warrantless Actions Based on Consent; 8. SELF-INCRIMINATION, CONFESSIONS, AND IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES; The Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination; Confessions; Identification Procedures; SECTION THREE: CRIMINAL EVIDENCE; 9. WITNESS COMPETENCY, CREDIBILITY, AND IMPEACHMENT INTRODUCTION; Witness Credibility; 10. EXAMINING WITNESSES; Securing the Attendance of Witnesses; Types of Witnesses; How Witnesses Are Examined; Opinion Testimony; 11: Testimonial Privileges; Privileges and Witness Competency; Privileged Communications; 12. THE HEARSAY RULE AND ITS EXCEPTIONS; Introduction; Hearsay and the Sixth Amendment; Exemptions and Exceptions Distinguished; Hearsay Exceptions; Hearsay Procedure; 13: HOW DIFFERENT TYPES OF EVIDENCE ARE INTRODUCED; Authentication; Best Evidence Rule; Real/Physical Evidence; Demonstrative Evidence; Scientific Evidence