Latin America and Refugee Protection

Liliana Lyra Jubilut is Professor at Universidade Católica de Santos. She was Visiting Scholar at Columbia Law School and Visiting Fellow at the Refugee Law Initiative. She is part of IOM’s Migration Research Leaders’ Syndicate and is Migration Research and Publishing High-Level Adviser for the organization as well. She is also part of the Global Academic Interdisciplinary Network (GAIN), from the Global Compact on Refugees, and of the Academic Council on the Global Compact for Migration.

List of Figures

List of Abbreviations



Foreword

James C. Hathaway



Introduction: Refugee Protection in Latin America: Logics, Regimes and Challenges

Liliana Lyra Jubilut, Marcia Vera Espinoza and Gabriela Mezzanotti



Part I: The Regime of the Cartagena Declaration



Chapter 1. The 1984 Cartagena Declaration: A Critical Review of Some Aspects of its Emergence and Relevance

José H. Fischel de Andrade



Chapter 2. The Invisible Majority: Internally Displaced People in Latin America and the San José Declaration

Elizabeth Rushing and Andrés Lizcano Rodriguez



Chapter 3. The Mixed Legacy of the Mexico Declaration and Plan of Action: Solidarity and Refugee Protection in Latin America

Marcia Vera Espinoza



Chapter 4. The Brazil Declaration and Plan of Action: A Model for Other Regions

Emily E. Arnold-Fernandez, Karina Sarmiento Torres and Gabriella Kallas



Part I Commentary: The Cartagena Declaration Regime of ‘Refugee’ Protection

Susan Kneebone



Part II: The Regime of the InterAmerican Human Rights System



Chapter 5. Against the Current: Protecting Asylum Seekers, Refugees and Other Persons in Need of International Protection Under the Inter-American Human Rights System

Álvaro Botero Navarro



Chapter 6. Refugee Protection and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights

Melissa Martins Casagrande



Part II Commentary: The Inter-American Human Rights System and Refugee Protection

Deborah Anker



Part III: Regional Responses to the International Regime on Refugee Protection



Chapter 7. From the Brasilia Declaration to the Brazil Plan of Action: How was the Goal of Eradicating Statelessness in the Americas Forged?

Juan Ignacio Mondelli



Chapter 8. The “100 Points of Brasilia”: Latin America’s Dialogue with the Global Compact on Refugees

Liliana Lyra Jubilut, Gabriela Mezzanotti and Rachel de Oliveira Lopes



Part III Commentary: Regional Responses to the International Regime on Refugee Protection

Jennifer Hyndman



Part IV: Other Forms of Protection Beyond the Regional Refugee Regime



Chapter 9. The Residence Agreement of Mercosur as an Alternative Form of Protection: The Challenges of a Milestone in Regional Migration Governance

Leiza Brumat



Chapter 10. Trends in Latin American Domestic Refugee Law

Luisa Feline Freier and Nieves Fernandez Rodríguez



Chapter 11. How Humanitarian are Humanitarian Visas? An Analysis of Theory and Practice in Latin America

Luisa Feline Freier and Marta Luzes



Part IV Commentary: Other Forms of Protection Beyond the Regional Refugee Regime in Latin America

Pablo Ceriani Cernadas



Part V: Current Regional Refugees Crisis



Chapter 12. Responding to Forced Displacement in the North of Central America: Progress and Challenges

Suzanna Nelson-Pollard



Chapter 13. Displacement in Colombia: IDPs, Refugees, and Human Rights in the Legal Framework of the 2016 Peace Process

Wellington Pereira Carneiro



Chapter 14. How the Venezuelan Exodus Challenges a Regional Protection Response: “Creative” Solutions to an Unprecedented Phenomenon in Colombia and Brazil

João Carlos Jarochinski Silva, Alexandra Castro and Cyntia Sampaio



Chapter 15. No Place for Refugees? The Haitian Flow within Latin America and the Challenge of International Protection in Disaster Situations

Beatriz Eugenia Sánchez-Mojica



Part V Commentary: Current Regional Refugees “Crisis”

Leticia Calderon



Afterword: Driving with the Rearview Mirror? Latin America and Refugee Protection

Carolina Moulin



Annex: Legal Frameworks for Refugee Protection in Latin America

Alyssa Marie Kvalvaag



Index