The Rule of Law’s Anatomy in the EU

Allan Rosas was judge at the European Court of Justice from 2002 until 2019, having formerly been Armfelt Professor of Law at the Åbo Akademi University, Finland, and later Principal Legal Adviser and Deputy Director-General of the Legal Service of the European Commission, Belgium. Juha Raitio is Professor of European Law and Pekka Pohjankoski is Researcher at the Faculty of Law, both at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

1. The editors, Introduction: The Rule of Law’s Anatomy in the EU
I. Foundations
2. Allan Rosas, Democracy and the Rule of Law: Odd Bedfellows or Siamese Twins?
3. Paul Craig, The Rule of Law and the EU: Responsibility, Independence and Rights
4. Sanja Bogojevic and Xavier Groussot, Illiberal Democracy and Rule by Law from an
EU perspective
5. Juha Raitio, The Rule of Law and Legal Certainty
6. Leonard Besselink, The Primacy of the Rule of Law and Member States’
Constitutional Identities
7. Niilo Jääskinen, EU Minimum Requirements for Judicial Independence and
Impartiality as Interpreted by the European Court of Justice
II. Protections
8. Werner Schroeder, An Active EU Rule of Law Policy
9. Paul Nemitz, Acting Before it is Too Late: Promoting Democracy and the Rule of Law
in the Member States of the EU
10. Joni Heliskoski, Infringement Proceedings as a Tool for Enforcing the Rule of Law in
EU Member States – a Critical Review
11. Pekka Pohjankoski, Of Carrots and Sticks: Constitutional Limits to Rule of Law
Conditionality
12. Katalin Miklóssy, Tackling EU-conditionality with the Hungarian legal manoeuvres
13. Inge Govaere, Promoting the Rule of Law in EU External Relations: A Conceptual
Framework
14. Steven Blockmans, The EU’s Magnitsky Act: An Innovative Tool Fit for the
Enforcement of Human Rights and Rule of Law Worldwide?