Frontex and the Rising of a New Border Control Culture in Europe

Antonia-Maria Sarantaki is postdoctoral researcher in the School of Economics and Political Sciences at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and academic fellow in the Department of International and European Economic Studies at Athens University of Economics and Business. She holds an MSc Econ in Security Studies from Aberystwyth University, UK and a PhD in European Politics from Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Greece. Her PhD thesis focused on borders and the EU border control policy regime.

1. Introduction: the irrelevancy of Schengenland and Frontex’s rise

Border evolution

New ‘kids’ on the border control block

Setting Frontex’s scene

Border control actors

Speaking of culture

Cultures of border control

To Schengen or not to Schengen?

A new border control culture?

Book overview

Notes

References

2. Frontex: an insurgent border control actor

Introduction

Frontex’s birth

Frontex’s governance

Frontex’s expansion

Frontex’s institutional brigade

Frontex’s deeds

Frontex’s role in EU border control: reviewing the literature

Towards Frontex’s reinvigoration: bringing culture in

Conclusion

Notes

References

3. Constructing Frontex’s culture

Introduction

Frontex: the essential EU border control actor

Delving into Frontex’s cultural traits

Conclusion

Notes

References

4. Constructing the border of Lampedusa

Introduction

The island setting

The making of a border

Border control conduct and actors

Frontex on the field

Border control assumptions and practices in Lampedusa

Conclusion

Notes

References

5. Constructing the border of Evros

Introduction

The river setting

The making of a border

Border control conduct and actors

Frontex on the field

Border control assumptions and practices in Evros

Evros and Lampedusa: drawing differences and similarities

Conclusion

Notes

References

6. Border control in process: the rise of Warsaw culture

Introduction

Culture loading

And its name shall be Warsaw culture

Schengen, Westphalia, Brussels, and Warsaw: variant in name only?

From Schengen to Warsaw

Frontex in Warsaw

Out of Frontex’s box: EU institutions in Warsaw

Conclusion

Notes

References

7. Challenges to Warsaw culture

Introduction

Unsettling a settled culture

Brexit and the English Channel

Borders amid the COVID-19 pandemic

Borders and hard security

Conclusion

Notes

References

8. Conclusion: Frontex’s leadership and the re-drawing of EU border control

Evolving borders

The rise of a new border control culture

The Frontex effect

Frontex’s cultural impact

Between a rock and a hard place?

Looking ahead

Concluding reflections

Notes

References