The Law of Trees, Forests and Hedges

Introduction: Introduction. Part II: Trees and Hedges: The General Law: Ownership of trees: general principles. Ownership of boundary trees and hedges. Boundary trees: liability. Problems with boundary trees: remedies. Boundary hedges. Owners# liability for trees: legal principles. Hazardous trees: the duty of care in practice. Dangerous trees: the consequences. Trees and highways. Trees and statutory undertakers. Other forms of liability for trees. Carrying out works to trees and hedges. Planting trees and hedges. Trees and the law in Scotland. Part III: Commercial Forestry: Forestry. Financial considerations. Felling licences. Felling directions. Environmental impact of forestry. Part IV: Protection for Trees and Woodlands of Special Value: Trees and woodlands of special value. Making a tree preservation order. Works to protected trees: the need for consent. Tree consent: applications and appeals. Compensation for adverse decisions. Requirement to plant replacement trees. Unauthorised works to protected trees. Trees in conservation areas. Trees in churchyards. Protection of trees in Scotland and Ireland. Part V: Protection for Special Hedgerows: Inclosure Act hedgerows. Protection of important hedgerows. Appendices: Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (relevant provisions, following amendment by the Planning Act 2008 and the Localism Act 2011). Sample conditions for use withplanning permissions. Sample conditions for use with consents under tree preservation orders. Penalties for criminal offences.