Student Solutions Manual for Elementary Statistics

About our authors Ron Larson received his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Colorado in 1970. At that time he accepted a position with Penn State University, and he currently holds the rank of professor of mathematics at the university. Larson is the lead author of more than two dozen mathematics textbooks that range from 6th grade through calculus levels. Many of his texts, such as the 10th Edition of his calculus text, are leaders in their markets. Larson is also one of the pioneers in the use of multimedia and the Internet to enhance the learning of mathematics. He has authored multimedia programs, extending from the elementary school through calculus levels. Larson is a member of several professional groups and is a frequent speaker at national and regional mathematics meetings. Many thanks to Betsy Farber for her significant contributions to previous editions of the text. Sadly, Betsy passed away in 2013. She received her Bachelor's degree in mathematics from Penn State University and her Master's degree in mathematics from the College of New Jersey. Betsy taught all levels of mathematics at Bucks County Community College in Newtown, Pennsylvania for many years. She made many notable contributions throughout her career to developing new ways to make statistics relevant and interesting for both online and traditional students.

NOTE: Each chapter begins with "Where You've Been" and "Where You're Going" features. Each chapter concludes with Chapter Summary, Review Exercises, Chapter Quiz, and Chapter Test. I. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Introduction to Statistics


1.1 An Overview of Statistics
1.2 Data Classification
1.3 Data Collection and Experimental Design


Descriptive Statistics


2.1 Frequency Distributions and Their Graphs
2.2 More Graphs and Displays
2.3 Measures of Central Tendency
2.4 Measures of Variation
2.5 Measures of Position
Cumulative Review: Chapters 1 & 2



II. PROBABILITY AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

Probability


3.1 Basic Concepts of Probability and Counting
3.2 Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule
3.3 The Addition Rule
3.4 Additional Topics in Probability and Counting


Discrete Probability Distributions


4.1 Probability Distributions
4.2 Binomial Distributions
4.3 More Discrete Probability Distributions


Normal Probability Distributions


5.1 Introduction to Normal Distributions and the Standard Normal Distribution
5.2 Normal Distributions: Finding Probabilities
5.3 Normal Distributions: Finding Values
5.4 Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem
5.5 Normal Approximations to Binomial Distributions
Cumulative Review: Chapters 3-5



III. STATISTICAL INFERENCE

Confidence Intervals


6.1 Confidence Intervals for the Mean (Known)
6.2 Confidence Intervals for the Mean (Unknown)
6.3 Confidence Intervals for Population Proportions
6.4 Confidence Intervals for Variance and Standard Deviation


Hypothesis Testing with One Sample


7.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing
7.2 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean (Known)
7.3 Hypothesis Testing for the Mean (Unknown)
7.4 Hypothesis Testing for Proportions
7.5 Hypothesis Testing for Variance and Standard Deviation


Hypothesis Testing with Two Samples


8.1 Testing the Difference Between Means (Independent Samples, 1 and 2 Known)
8.2 Testing the Difference Between Means (Independent Samples, 1 and 2 Unknown)
8.3 Testing the Difference Between Means (Dependent Samples)
8.4 Testing the Difference Between Proportions
Cumulative Review: Chapters 6-8



IV. MORE STATISTICAL INFERENCE

Correlation and Regression

9.1 Correlation
9.2 Linear Regression
9.3 Measures of Regression and Prediction Intervals
9.4 Multiple Regression


Chi-Square Tests and theF-Distribution

10.1 Goodness-of-Fit Test
10.2 Independence
10.3 Comparing Two Variances
10.4 Analysis of Variance
Cumulative Review: Chapters 9 & 10


Nonparametric Tests (Online Only)*

11.1 The Sign Test
11.2 The Wilcoxon Tests
11.3 The Kruskal-Wallis Test
11.4 Rank Correlation
11.5 The Runs Test
* Available in MyLab Statistics.



Appendix A: Alternative Presentation of the Standard Normal Distribution

Standard Normal Distribution Table
Alternative Presentation of the Standard Normal Distribution

Appendix B: Tables

Table 1 Random Numbers
Table 2 Binomial Distribution
Table 3 Poisson Distribution
Table 4 Standard Normal Distribution
Table 5 t-Distribution
Table 6 Chi-Square Distribution
Table 7 F-Distribution
Table 8 Critical Values for the Sign Test
Table 9 Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
Table 10 Critical Values for the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient
Table 11 Critical Values for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Table 12 Critical Values for the Number of Runs

Appendix C: Normal Probability Plots Appendix D: Key Formulas Answers to the Try It Yourself Exercises Answers to the Odd-Numbered Exercises Index