An Atlas of Rectal Endosonography

This reference atlas of sonograms aims to help doctors identify normal and abnormal rectal conditions, including rectal cancer, involved and non-involved nodes, benign rectal conditions and rare disorders. A range of manifestations of each disorder or condition is presented.

---

Endosonography is now the most accurate method for the pre-operative assessment of rectal cancers and may become the best technique for routine post-operative follow-up in the detection of local recurrence. This atlas of sonograms is a reference intended to help doctors recognize normal and abnormal findings. There is a section on practical aspects of endosonography together with sonograms illustrating normal anatomical findings in the bowel wall and outside it, in the pelvis. The abnormal conditions include primary rectal cancer, involved and non-involved nodes, benign rectal conditions and rare disorders. There are numbers of examples of each abnormality, offering a range of appearances and changes. This atlas on colorectal surgery, gastrointestinal surgery and radiology is intended for surgeons and clinicians.