Intracranial Atherosclerosis

Jong S. Kim , MD, PhD, Professor of neurology, University of Ulsan and Asan Medical Center, Seoul Louis R. Caplan , MD, Professor of Neurology, Harvard University and works in the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Lawrence K. Wong , MD, Professor of Neurology,China University of Hong Kong.

Epidemiology and risk factors . 1 Anatomy of intracranial arteries . David S Liebeskind and Louis R Caplan . 2 Pathologic characteristics . Xiang-Yan Chen and Mark Fisher . 3 Epidemiology . Philip Gorelick, Jinghao Han, Yining Huang and Ka Sing Wong . 4 Risk factors . Kazuo Minematsu, Oh Young Bang and Toshiyuki Uehara . Stroke mechanism and clinical consequence5 Stroke mechanisms . Ka Sing Wong, Louis R Caplan and Jong S Kim . 6 Anterior circulation disorders . Jong S Kim . 7 Posterior circulation disorders . Louis R Caplan, Pierre Amarenco and Jong S Kim . 8 Cognitive dysfunction, dementia and emotional disturbances . Jae-Hong Lee, Alex E Roher, Thomas G Beach and Jong S Kim . 9 Natural course and prognosis . Juan F Arenillas, Louis R Caplan and Ka Sing Wong . Diagnostic imaging studies10 Vascular imaging . Edward Feldman, Harry J Cloft, Mai Nguyen-Huynh and Avean McLaughlin . 11 Application of magnetic resonance imaging . Dong-Wha Kang and Jong S Kim . 12 Transcranial doppler . Qing Hao, Ka Sing Wong and Andrei V Alexandrov . Treatment . 13. Antiplatelet therapy . Sun U Kwon and Jong S Kim . 14 Anticoagulation . Fadi B Nahab and Marc I Chimowitz . 15 Angioplasty and stenting . Wei-Jian Jiang, DC Suh, Yongjun Wang, and Thomas W Leung . 16 Surgical therapy . Chang Wan Oh and Jeong Eun Kim . 17 Other miscellaneous treatments . Christopher Chen and Ka Sing Wong . Uncommon causes of intracranial arterial disease . 18 Immunologic and vasoconstrictive disorders . Min Lou and Louis R. Caplan . 19 Arterial dissection, CNS infection and other miscellaneous diseases . Jiann-Shing Jeng and Jong S Kim . 20 Moyamoya disease . Susumu Miyamoto, Jun C. Takahashi and Jong S Kim