PEDOT

Andreas Elschner, Ph.D., was educated as a solid-state physicist at the University of Marburg (Germany) where he received his Ph.D. in 1988. Following a postdoctoral year at Stanford University (California) he joined Bayer AG in 1990, and has been with H.C. Starck since 2002. Dr. Elschner’s research focus is on organic electronics and he is responsible for testing and characterizing organic devices and conducting polymers. Stephan Kirchmeyer Ph.D., studied chemistry from 1978 to 1984 at the University of Hamburg (Germany) and at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Until 2001, Dr. Kirchmeyer worked as a researcher for IBM and Bayer AG. In 2002, he joined H.C. Starck GmbH and since then has held several responsible positions for H.C. Starck’s business with conductive polymers and electronic materials. Wilfried Lövenich, Ph.D., received his diploma in chemistry from the Technical University of Aachen (Germany). He then went to the University of Durham, Great Britain, to obtain his Ph.D. In 2002, Dr. Lövenich joined H.C. Starck, working as an R&D chemist on the development and pilot plant production of the conductive polymer PEDOT. Since 2009, Dr. Lövenich has been the head of the R&D group of H.C. Starck Clevios GmbH. Udo Merker, Ph.D., studied physics at the University of Bonn (Germany) from 1989 to 1994. He received his Ph.D. in 1998 for studies in molecular spectroscopy at the University of Bonn and Princeton University (New Jersey). From 1998 to 1999, Dr. Merker was a postdoctorate at the Chemistry Department of Princeton University. In 1999, he joined the corporate research division of Bayer AG to work on the development of electronic materials. From 2002 until 2008, Dr. Merker was responsible for the development of new materials and processes for electrolytic capacitors in the central R&D division of H.C. Starck GmbH. Since 2009, he has been the head of the application technology group of H.C. Starck Clevios GmbH. Knud Reuter, Ph.D., studied chemistry from 1969 to 1974 at the University of Dortmund (Germany) where he received his doctoral degree with a thesis in organometallic chemistry in 1977. In the same year, Dr. Reuter started his professional work as a member of a polymer research group at Bayer AG. Since 2000, he has worked on PEDOT chemistry, joining H.C. Starck GmbH in 2002.

The Discovery and Development of Conducting Polymers. Conductive Polymers versus Metals and Insulators. Polythiophenes: A Chance for Maximum Conductivity? A Short History of the PEDOT Invention. The Synthesis of EDOT Monomer, and Its Physical and Chemical Properties. From EDOT to PEDOT: Oxidative Polymerization and Other Routes. Counterions for PEDOT. The In Situ Polymerization of EDOT to PEDOT. PEDOT: PSS. Applications. Technical Use and Commercial Aspects. EDOT and PEDOT Derivatives with Covalently Attached Side Groups. XDOTs, EDXTs, EDOXs, and 2(5)-X(2)-EDOTs: Ring Size Variations, Heteroanalogs, and Derivatives of EDOT with Substituents at the Thiophene Ring. The Electrochemical Behavior of EDOT and PEDOT.