Language of the Earth

Frank H.T. Rhodes is President Emeritus of Cornell University. Winner of the Geological Society’s Bigsby Medal and the Ian Campbell Medal from the Geological Society of America, Rhodes has served as Chairman of the National Science Board, President of the American Philosophical Society, and Chairman of the American Council on Education and also the American Association of Universities. His other books include The Evolution of Life, Geology, Evolution, Fossils, and The Creation of the Future, as well as many articles on geology, higher education, and the history of science. Richard O. Stone (1920–78) was Chairman of the Department of Geological Sciences, UCLA. A past member of several honorary societies, Dr Stone wrote many technical articles for Geological Society of America, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, and American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. Bruce D. Malamud is a Reader in Natural and Environmental Hazards at King’s College, London. A past Peace Corps volunteer in Niger and Fulbright Fellow in Argentina, he currently serves as Chief Editor of Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics and President of the Natural Hazards Division of the European Geosciences Union. He has over forty publications in the international scientific literature, including Science, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal of Geophysical Research, and Earth & Planetary Science Letters.

Preface. Preface from the first edition.

Acknowledgments from the first edition.

Part I: The Earth Experienced.

1. Eyewitness Accounts of Earth Events.

1.1. John McPhee: Los Angeles Against the Mountains.

1.2. Gordon Gaskill: The Night the Mountain Fell.

1.3. R.G. McConnell and R.W. Brock: The Turtle Mountain Slide.

1.4. Voltaire: Candide.

1.5. James R. Newman: The Lisbon Earthquake.

1.6. Mary Austin: The Temblor.

1.7. Jonathan Weiner: The Alaskan Good Friday Earthquake.

1.8. Francis P. Shepard: Tsunami.

1.9. Haroun Tazieff: Not a Very Sensible Place for a Stroll.

1.10. Fairfax Downey: Last Days of St Pierre.

1.11. Hans Cloos: Beacons on the Passage Out.

1.12. Jon Thorlakson: Eruption of the Öraefajökull, 1727.

2. Exploration.

2.1. Charles Darwin: The Voyage of the Beagle.

2.2. Simon Winchester: The Map that Changed the World.

2.3. John Wesley Powell: The Exploration of the Colorado River.

2.4. William H. Brewer: Mono Lake–Aurora–Sonora Pass.

2.5. George F. Sternberg: Thrills in Fossil Hunting.

2.6. John E. Pfeiffer: The Creative Explosion.

2.7. George Gaylord Simpson: Attending Marvels: a Patagonian Journal.

2.8. Robert D. Ballard: Explorations.

2.9. Louise B. Young: The Blue Planet.

3. Geologists are also Human.

3.1. Stephen Drury: Stepping Stones.

3.2. Elizabeth O.B. Gordon: William Buckland.

3.3. Hugh Miller: The Old Red Sandstone.

3.4. Sir Archibald Geikie: A Long Life’s Work.

3.5. Frank H.T. Rhodes: Life, Time, and Darwin.

3.6. R.A. Bartlett: King’s Formative Years.

3.7. M.E. David: With Shackleton in the Antarctic.

3.8. William H. Goetzmann: The Great Diamond Hoax.

3.9. Luna B. Leopold, Paul D. Komar, and Vance Haynes: Sand, Wind, and War.

3.10. Hans Cloos: Ship’s Wake.

4. Celebrities.

4.1. H. Stommel: Benjamin Franklin and the Gulf Stream.

4.2. Thomas Clements: Leonardo da Vinci as a Geologist.

4.3. R. Magnus: Mineralogy, Geology, Meteorology.

4.4. E.T. Martin: Megalonyx, Mammoth, and Mother Earth.

4.5. William A. Stanley: Three Short, Happy Months.

4.6. W.G. Collingwood: Mountain-Worship.

4.7. Herbert C. Hoover: Stanford University, 1891–1895.

Part II: Interpreting the Earth.

5. Philosophy.

5.1. James Hutton: Concerning the System of the Earth, its Duration and Stability.

5.2. T.C. Chamberlin: The Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses.

5.3. George G. Simpson: Historical Science.

5.4. Stephen Jay Gould: What is a Species?.

5.5. Christine Turner: Messages in Stone.

5.6. Marcia G. Bjørnerud: Natural Science, Natural Resources, and the Nature of Nature.

5.7. Ian Stewart: Does God Play Dice?.

6. The Fossil Record.

6.1. Frank H.T. Rhodes: Earth and Man.

6.2. Donald Culross Peattie: Flowering Earth.

6.3. Robert Claiborne: Habits and Habitats.

6.4. James A. Michener: Diplodocus, the Dinosaur.

6.5. Berton Roueché: A Window on the Oligocene.

6.6. Samantha Weinberg: A Fish Caught in Time.

6.7. Richard E. Leakey: Ape-like Ancestors.

6.8. Loren Eiseley: The Relic Men.

7. Geotectonics.

7.1. James A. Michener: From the Boundless Deep & the Birth of the Rockies.

7.2. Anna Grayson: When Pigs Ruled the Earth.

7.3. David Attenborough: The Living Planet.

7.4. William Glen: The Road to Jaramillo.

7.5. J. Tuzo Wilson: Mao’s Almanac: 3,000 years of Killer Earthquakes.

7.6. Richard H. Jahns: Geologic Jeopardy.

8. Controversies.

8.1. William Irvine: Apes, Angels, and Victorians.

8.2. William L. Straus, Jr.: The Great Piltdown Hoax.

8.3. Howard S. Miller: Fossils and Free Enterprisers.

8.4. Charles Officer and Jake Page: The K-T Extinction.

8.5. Sir Archibald Geikie: The Founders of Geology.

8.6. Don E. Wilhelms: To a Rocky Moon.

8.7. Edward Schreiber and Orson L. Anderson: Properties and Composition of Lunar Materials: Earth Analogies.

8.8. Joel L. Swerdlow: CFCs.

Part III: Language of the Earth.

9. Prose.

9.1. Isak Dinesen: Out of Africa.

9.2. T.E. Lawrence: Seven Pillars of Wisdom.

9.3. Ernest Hemingway: Green Hills of Africa.

9.4. Antoine de St Exupéry: Wind, Sand and Stars.

9.5. John Fowles: The French Lieutenant’s Woman.

9.6. John Muir: Trip to the Middle and North Forks of San Joaquin River.

9.7. Mark Twain: Roughing It.

9.8. Thomas Fairchild Sherman: A Place on the Glacial Till.

9.9. John McPhee: Basin and Range.

9.10. John Darnton: Neanderthal.

9.11. Kim Stanley Robinson: Antarctica.

9.12. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle: The Lost World.

10. Poetry.

10.1. Sir Archibald Geikie: Landscape and Literature.

10.2. William Wordsworth: The Excursion.

10.3. Voltaire: The Lisbon Earthquake.

10.4. C.S. Rafinesque: The Fountains of the Earth.

10.5. Timothy A. Conrad: To a Trilobite.

10.6. A.E. Housman: A Shropshire Lad.

10.7. Andrew C. Lawson: Mente et Malleo.

10.8. John Stuart Blackie: Selected poems.

10.9. Kenneth Rexroth: Lyell’s Hypothesis Again.

10.10. A.R. Ammons: Selected poems.

10.11. Charles Simic: Stone.

10.12. J.T. Barbarese: Fossils.

10.13. Jane Hirshfield: Rock.

10.14. W. Scott McLean, Eldridge M. Moores, and David A. Robertson: Poetry Matters: Gary Snyder.

10.15. The Book of Job: Where Shall Wisdom be Found?.

11. Art.

11.1. Jacquetta Hawkes: A Land: Sculpture.

11.2. Jack Burnham: Beyond Modern Sculpture.

11.3. Elizabeth C. Childs: Time’s Profile: John Wesley Powell, Art, and Geology at the Grand Canyon.

11.4. R.A. Bartlett: Thomas Moran: American Landscape Painter.

11.5. Diane Ackerman: Earth Calling.

Part IV: The Crowded Planet.

12. Human History.

12.1. John D. Ridge: Minerals and World History.

12.2. Jacquetta Hawkes: A Land: Architecture.

12.3. Donald F. Eschman and Melvin G. Marcus: The Geologic and Topographic Setting of Cities.

12.4. Douglas W. Johnson: Topography and Strategy in the War.

12.5. John McPhee: Geology and Crime.

12.6. Kenneth E.F. Watt: Tambora and Krakatau.

12.7. Lord Ritchie-Calder: Mortgaging the Old Homestead.

12.8. Harlow Shapley: Breathing the Future and the Past.

13. Resources.

13.1. Rachel L. Carson: Wealth from the Salt Seas.

13.2. Charles F. Park, Jr: Minerals, People, and the Future.

13.3. M. Dane Picard: The Bingham Canyon Pit.

13.4. John G.C.M. Fuller: The Geological Attitude.

13.5. Michel T. Halbouty: Geology – for Human Needs.

14. Benevolent Planet.

14.1. James Lovelock: GAIA.

14.2. Fritjof Capra: The Web of Life.

14.3. Charles Morgan: Remember the Land.

14.4. Gabriele Kass-Simon: Rachel Carson: The Idea of Environment.

14.5. Rachel Carson: Silent Spring.

14.6. S. George Philander: Who is El Niño?.

14.7. National Research Council: Essay on the Earth Sciences.

14.8. Diana Ackerman: The Round Walls of Home.

14.9. Ernest Zebrowski, Jr: The Butterfly Effect.

14.10. Carl Sagan: Pale Blue Dot.

Sources.

Index.