Environment and Health in Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh

Prof. Rais Akhtar has taught at the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; the University of Zambia, Lusaka; and the University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir. He is the first geographer who published his research in medical geography and climate change and health in national and international journals, including the prestigious medical journal The Lancet. He has published to his credit more than 100 research papers and 21 books in India and abroad, including Greenwood Press, New York; Harwood Academic publisher, London; and Springer. His books include Health and Disease in Tropical Africa: Medical and Geographical Viewpoints (London, 1987), Health Care Patterns and Planning in Developing Countries (1990), Malaria in South Asia (2010), Climate Change and Human Health Scenario in South and Southeast Asia (2016), Climate Change and Air Pollution (2018), Extreme Weather Events and Human Health (2020), Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreaks, Environment and Human Behaviour (2021) and Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreaks, Vaccination, Politics and Society: The Continuing Challenge (2022). Prof. Rais Akhtar is the recipient of a number of international fellowships including Leverhulme Overseas Visiting Fellow (University of Liverpool); Henry Chapman Fellow, University of London; Commonwealth Secretariat Fellowship, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London; Visiting Fellow, University of Sussex and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Royal Society Short Visiting Fellowship, University of Oxford; Visiting Professor, University of Paris, Nanterre, Paris-10; Visiting Fellowship, Free University of Brussels, Belgium; French Government Visiting Fellowship and MSH Visiting Fellow, Paris; Visiting Fellow, Welcome Trust, London; and Visiting Lecturer, University of Akron, USA.

List of Figures

List of Tables

List of Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgements

1 Environment and Health in Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh: Historical and Contemporary Scenario

RAIS AKHTAR

2 Environment and Cholera in Kashmir during 19th Century

RAIS AKHTAR

3 Dr Henry Cayley’s Pioneering Medical Work in Ladakh

JOHN BRAY

4 Arthur Neve (1859–1919) and a Mission Hospital in Srinagar, Kashmir

RAIS AKHTAR

5 Kangri: Environment, Culture, Economics and Convenience in the Valley of Kashmir

RAIS AKHTAR

6 Environment and Health in Kashmir during 19th Century

RAIS AKHTAR

7 Changing Diseases Ecology of Leh District: Contemporary Scenario and Historical Perspective

RAIS AKHTAR

8 Traditional Medical Therapy in Rural Ladakh – A Regional Analysis

G. M. RATHER

9 Environmental Compulsions of Pesticide Application in Kashmir and its Impacts on Orchardists

ISHTIAQ AHMAD MAYER, BASHIR A. LONE, MANZOOR A. WANI AND SHERAZ A. LONE

10 Urbanization and Quality of Human Health in Srinagar City, Jammu and Kashmir

ARSHAD AHMAD LONE, G. M. RATHER AND M. SULTAN BHAT

11 IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) Scenario in Jammu Province of J&K, India

RAJIV KUMAR GUPTA AND SUNIL K RAINA

12 Extension of Vector-Borne Diseases into J&K State of India

SUNIL KUMAR RAINA AND RAJIV KUMAR GUPTA

13 Extreme Weather Events: Floods and Disease Risks in Kashmir (Jammu & Kashmir). A Case Study of Srinagar Floods

BUPINDER ZUTSHI

14 Perception of Urban Health Hazards in Srinagar, India

RAIS AKHTAR

15 Health Care Behaviour in Western Himalayas: A Case Study of Udhampur Forest Villagers in Jammu and Kashmir

ANURADHA SHARMA, SANDEEP SINGH, AND DAVINDER SINGH

16 Health-seeking Behaviour among the Hanjis of Dal Lake, Kashmir, India

MUSHTAQ A. KUMAR, SHAZIA MEHRAJ AND DR. G.M. RATHER

17 Spatial Disease Pattern and its Correspondence with Geographical Factors of Jammu Region, J&K India

SUBHASH CHANDER SHARMA

18 Food Insecurity in Rural Areas of Bandipore District, Jummu & Kashmir, India

RAIS AKHTAR

19 Coronavirus Outbreaks in Union Territories of J&K and Ladakh

RAIS AKHTAR AND ARSHAD AHMAD LONE

20 Levels of Malnutrition by Altitude Based on Body Mass Index (BMI) among School Children (14–18 years) in Gujjar Community of Greater Kashmir Himalayas

G. M. RATHER

21 Comparative Profile of COVID-19 Mortality in Jammu versus Kashmir Provinces in Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir

RAJIV K GUPTA, SHASHI SUDHAN SHARMA, RICHA MAHAJAN AND TALAT JABEEN

22 Mental Health Assessment of Recovered COVID-19 Patients: A Case Study of Srinagar City

AISHA DEV, M. IMRAN GANAIE, AABIDA, AFSHAN NABI AND ISHTIAQ A. MAYER

23 Conclusion and Suggestions

RAIS AKHTAR