India Higher Education Report 2022

N.V. Varghese is Vice Chancellor, National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi, India, and the Founding Director of the Centre for Policy Research in Higher Education (CPRHE) at NIEPA. Formerly, he was Head, Governance and Management of Education at the International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP/UNESCO), Paris. He has been a member of several International Boards/Committees and editorial Boards of Journals. N.V. Varghese is the Chief Editor of the Journal for Educational Planning and Administration (JEPA) NIEPA. He has directed several national and international research projects, has carried out research projects in several countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and CIS regions and published several books and articles. Nidhi S. Sabharwal is currently Associate Professor at the Centre for Policy Research in Higher Education (CPRHE), National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi, India. She has previously been the In-charge of CPRHE/NIEPA. She has also previously served as the Director at the Indian Institute of Dalit Studies, New Delhi. She has studied inter-group inequalities across human development indicators, focusing on the role of caste and gender-based discrimination in the market and non-market institutions. Her current research focuses on college readiness, student diversity, student success, gender and equity in higher education.

List of figures

List of tables

Notes on contributors

Preface

Acknowledgements

List of abbreviations

1 Women in higher education: an overview

N.V. VARGHESE AND NIDHI S. SABHARWAL

PART I

Women, education and development

2 Education, development and employment: the ongoing crisis in women’s employment and its revelations

N. NEETHA

PART II

Women’s access to HE and their educational inter-generational mobility

3 Women enrolment in higher education

SACHIDANAND SINHA AND BISWAJIT KAR

4 Access to higher education of women from disadvantaged groups and minorities 67

ABDUL SHABAN, ZINAT ABOLI AND S.K. MD MUSHARUDDIN

5 From gender parity to gender prism: looking beyond enrolment parity to explore gendered conditions of access to higher education in Haryana, India

EMILY F. HENDERSON, NIDHI S. SABHARWAL AND ANJALI THOMAS

6 Gender, inter-generational mobility and higher education

MANIKA BORA

PART III

Women’s field of study, representation in research programmes and career trajectories

7 Higher education, career and women entrepreneurship: between compulsion and choice

ANIRBAN SENGUPTA

8 Gendered academic trajectories through research and publication: influences and implications

RATNA M. SUDARSHAN AND ANJALI THOMAS

9 Women in science education and science careers in India

DEEPIKA BANSAL

PART IV

Women in academic profession and leadership positions in higher education

10 Structures of exclusion: promotion procedures and gender inequality in the professoriate in India

KARUNA CHANANA

11 Women in leadership in higher education: opportunities, challenges and the way forward

MADHULIKA KAUSHIK

12 Women in leadership in higher education: narratives from the field

GEETHA VENKATARAMAN

13 Women in leadership: exploring the barriers and facilitators in the Indian higher education sector

MEENAKSHI GANDHI

PART V

Gender-responsive policies and HEI strategies for inclusion on campuses

14 Implementing the sexual harassment law within higher education: a qualitative enquiry

JYOTHSNA BELLIAPPA AND S. AROKIA MARY

15 Gendering pedagogy, engendering practices: contemporary STEM education landscape

RUKMINI SEN

Index