Intraoperative Neuromonitoring

Marc R. Nuwer MD PhD is Distinguished Professor of Neurology and Department Head for Clinical Neurophysiology at Reed Neurological Research Center and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Dr. David B. MacDonald resides in Italy and is Scientific Director of Arkana Forum, which is based in Emmendingen, Germany, and specializes in neuromonitoring education. He is a Past President of the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, and was formerly a Consultant in the Section of Clinical Neurophysiology of the Department of Neurosciences at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

SECTION I. GENERAL ISSUES 1. Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring 2. Electroencephalography, electrocorticography, and cortical stimulation techniques 3. Intraoperative evoked potential techniques 4. EMG monitoring 5. Safety issues during surgical monitoring

SECTION II. INTRACRANIAL SURGERY 6. Neurophysiology during epilepsy surgery 7. Neurophysiology during movement disorder surgery 8. Intraoperative mapping and monitoring during brain tumor surgeries 9. Mapping and monitoring of brainstem surgery 10. Monitoring cerebellopontine angle and skull base surgeries

SECTION  III. SPINAL SURGERY 11. Monitoring scoliosis and other spinal deformity surgeries 12. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during surgery for lumbar stenosis 13. Intraoperative neurophysiology in intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery 14. Monitoring spinal surgery for extramedullary tumors and fractures 15. Mapping and monitoring of tethered cord and cauda equina surgeries 16. Dorsal root entry zone procedure and other surgeries for pain

SECTION IV. PERIPHERAL NERVE SURGERY 17. Neurophysiology during peripheral nerve surgery 18. Monitoring surgery around the cranial nerves

SECTION V. VASCULAR SURGERY 19. Monitoring in carotid endarterectomy 20. Surgery and intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring for aneurysm clipping 21. Monitoring cardiac and ascending aortic procedures 22. Neuromonitoring during descending aorta procedures