Vertebrate Evolution

Donald Prothero has taught college geology and paleontology for 40 years, at Caltech, Columbia, Cal Poly Pomona, and Occidental, Knox, Vassar, Glendale, Mt. San Antonio, and Pierce Colleges. He earned his B.A. in geology and biology (highest honors, Phi Beta Kappa, College Award) from University of California Riverside in 1976, and his M.A. (1978), M.Phil. (1979), and Ph.D. (1982) in geological sciences from Columbia University. He is the author of over 40 books (including 8 leading geology textbooks, and several trade books), and over 300 scientific papers, mostly on the evolution of fossil mammals (especially rhinos, camels, and horses) and on using the earth's magnetic field changes to date fossil-bearing strata. He has been on the editorial boards of journals such as Geology, Paleobiology, Journal of Paleontology, and Skeptic magazine. He is a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, the Paleontological Society, and the Geological Society of America, and also received fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation and National Science Foundation. He served as President of Pacific Section SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) in 2012, and served for five years as Program Chair of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. In 1991, he received the Charles Schuchert Award for outstanding paleontologist under the age of 40. In 2013, he received the James Shea Award of the National Association of Geology Teachers for outstanding writing and editing the geosciences. In 2015, he received the Joseph T. Gregory award for service to vertebrate paleontology. In 2016 he was named a “Friend of Darwin” by the National Center for Science Education. He has been featured on numerous TV documentaries, including Paleoworld, Walking with Prehistoric Beasts, Prehistoric Monsters Revealed, Monsterquest, Prehistoric Predators: Entelodon and Hyaenodon, Conspiracy Road Trip: Creationism, as well as Jeopardy! and Win Ben Stein's Money.

Introduction



The Origin of Vertebrates



Jawless fish



Primitive gnathostomes



Bony Fish



The transition to land



Tetrapods diversify



Primitive reptiles



Back to the sea: marine reptiles



The Scaly ones: Lizards and snakes



Ruling Reptiles: Archosaurs



Crocodylomorphs



Pterosaurs



Origin of dinosaurs



Ornithischian dinosaurs I



Ornithischian dinosaurs II



Sauropods



Theropods



Birds



Synapsids: The origin of mammals: Synapsids



Primitive Mammals: Mesozoic Mammals, Monotremes, and Marsupials



The placental explosion: The Mammals Diversify



Laurasiatheria I: Carnivores, Bat, Insectivores, and their Kin



Laurasiatheria II: The Ungulates



Euarchontoglires: Rodents, Rabbits, Primates—And Humans