Zika Virus Impact, Diagnosis, Control, and Models

Colin R. Martin RN, BSc, MSc, PhD, MBA, YCAP, FHEA, C.Psychol, AFBPsS, C.Sci is Professor of Clinical Psychobiology and Applied Psychoneuroimmunology and Clinical Director of the Institute of Health and Wellbeing at the University of Suffolk, UK. He is a Chartered Health Psychologist and a Chartered Scientist. He also trained in analytical biochemistry, this aspect reflecting the psychobiological focus of much of his research within mental health. He has published or has in press well over 300 research papers and book chapters. He is a keen book author and editor having written and/or edited more than 50 books. These outputs include the prophetic insight into the treatment of neurological disease, Handbook of Behavior, Food and Nutrition (2011), Nanomedicine and the Nervous System (2012), Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Disease (2020), Zika Virus Impact, Diagnosis, Control and Models (2021), Factors Affecting Neurodevelopment: Genetics, Neurology, Behavior and Diet (2021), Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury (2022), The Neurobiology, Physiology, and Psychology of Pain (2022) and The Handbook of Lifespan Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Childhood, Adolescence, Pregnancy, Adulthood, and Aging (2023). Professor Martin is particularly interested in all aspects of the relationship between underlying physiological substrates and behavior, particularly in how these relationships manifest in both acute and chronic psychiatric disorder. He has published original research germane to significant mental health disorders including the areas of schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, alcohol and drug dependency, high secure forensic mental health and personality disorder. He has a keen interest in the impact of postviral illness and is actively involved in clinical research post-Covid pandemic and in particular, the impact of Long Covid on psychological, neurological, physiological and social functioning. He is involved in collaborative International research with many European and Non-European countries. Dr. Hollins-Martin is a Professor of Maternal Health and has a background that has encompassed a career in women’s reproductive health that spans 30 years; the first 11 of these were spent as a clinical midwife in Ayrshire (Scotland) and 19 teaching and researching women’s reproductive health within universities. Caroline is an NMC Registered Midwife and Lecturer/Practice Educator. She is also a graduate and post graduate in psychology and a Member of the British Psychological Society (MBPsS). Victor R. Preedy BSc, PhD, DSc, FRSB, FRSPH, FRSC, FRCPath graduated with an Honours Degree in Biology and Physiology with Pharmacology. After gaining his University of London PhD, he received his Membership of the Royal College of Pathologists. He was later awarded his second doctorate (DSc), for his contribution to protein metabolism in health and disease. He is Professor of Clinical Biochemistry (Hon) at King’s College Hospital and Emeritus Professor of Nutritional Biochemistry at King’s College London. He has Honorary Professorships at the University of Hull, and the University of Suffolk. Professor Preedy was the Founding Director and then long-term Director of the Genomics Centre at King’s College London from 2006 to 2020. Professor Preedy has been awarded fellowships of the Royal Society of Biology, the Royal College of Pathologists, the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, the Royal Institute of Public Health, the Royal Society for Public Health, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Royal Society of Medicine. He carried out research when attached to the National Heart Hospital (part of Imperial College London), The School of Pharmacy (now part of University College London) and the MRC Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He has collaborated with international research groups in Finland, Japan, Australia, USA, and Germany. To his credit, Professor Preedy has published over 750 articles, which includes peer-reviewed manuscripts based on original research, abstracts and symposium presentations, reviews and edited books. Dr Rajkumar Rajendram is a clinician scientist with a focus on internal medicine, anaesthesia, intensive care and peri-operative medicine. He graduated with distinctions from Guy’s, King’s and St. Thomas Medical School, King’s College London in 2001. As an undergraduate he was awarded several prizes, merits and distinctions in pre-clinical and clinical subjects. Dr Rajendram began his post-graduate medical training in general medicine and intensive care in Oxford. He attained membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP) in 2004 and completed specialist training in acute and general medicine in Oxford in 2010. Dr Rajendram subsequently practiced as a Consultant in Acute General Medicine at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. Dr Rajendram also trained in anaesthesia and intensive care in London and was awarded a fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists (FRCA) in 2009. He completed advanced training in regional anaesthesia and intensive care. He was awarded a fellowship of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FFICM) in 2013 and obtained the European diploma of intensive care medicine (EDIC) in 2014. He then moved to the Royal Free London Hospitals as a Consultant in Intensive Care, Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine. He has been a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) and the Royal College of Physicians of London (FRCP Lond) since 2017 and 2019 respectively. He is currently a Consultant in Internal Medicine at King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Heath Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Dr Rajendram’s focus on improving outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has involved research on point of care ultrasound and phenotypes of COVID-19. Dr Rajendram also recognises that nutritional support is a fundamental aspect of medical care. This is particularly important for patients with COVID-19. As a clinician scientist he has therefore devoted significant time and effort into nutritional science research and education. He is an affiliated member of the Nutritional Sciences Research Division of King’s College London and has published over 400 textbook chapters, review articles, peer-reviewed papers and abstracts.

Section 1 – Methods, Biomarkers, and Diagnosis1. Imaging Zika virus infection2. Use of CRISPR: applications to flaviviruses3. Methods of investigating neurotoxicity of larvicides: applications of systems biology4. Methods for the detection of Zika virus infectivity

Section 2 – Vector Control, Vaccines, Pharmacology 5. Vector control and Zika virus: a focus on mosquitoes6. Vector control: a focus on rural household containers: applications to Zika virus7. Zika virus Vaccines: an overview8. Novel treatment with 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinoline analogs in Zika infection in vitro9. Zika virus use of human neutralizing antibody in microcephaly prevention: a modelling system10. Policies on Zika virus Control

Section 3 – Novel and Non-Pharmacologic Therapies11. Role of the pediatric neurologist in treating Zika virus syndrome12. 25-Hydroxycholesterol usage in Zika Virus Infection13. Screening and inhibition of the flavivirus NS2B-NS3 protease: application to zika virus14. Gene silencing and applications to zika virus15. Screening phytochemicals that react against Zika virus

Section 4 – Models and Modelling16. Guinea pig model of Zika virus: features and applications17. Rat model of Zika virus: features and applications18. Mouse model of Zika virus: features and applications19. Modelling Zika virus in the USA20. Modelling Zika virus infection in laboratory animals: impact on neurological systems

Section 5 – Neuroscience of Guillain-Barré Syndrome21. Severe Guillain-Barré Syndrome22. Plasmablasts, plasma and neurotoxic antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome23. Oxidative stress in Guillain-Barré Syndrome and linkage with neurology24. Neuromuscular effects and rehabilitation in Guillain-Barré syndrome25. Post-infectious demyelinating diseases: Guillain-Barré syndrome and beyond

Section 6 – Neuroscience of Microcephaly26. Microcephaly and developmental delays27. Congenital microcephaly: features and risk factors28. Microcephaly in fetal alcohol syndrome29. Microcephaly in genetic disorders: the case of MFSD2A and hypomyelination30. Folate metabolism, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase and microcephaly

Section 7 – International Aspects31. Zika Virus in Honduras32. Zika Virus in Uganda33. Zika Virus in Jamaica34. Zika virus in Mozambique35. Zika virus in Brazil

Section 8 – Case Reports36. Case reports: Zika and Chikungunya virus infection37. Case reports: Zika virus neuroretinitis38. Case reports: Zika virus infection in Singapore39. Case reports: Coinfection with Zika virus and dengue-2 viruses40. Case report: Guillain-Barré and Zika virus infection