Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease

α-Synuclein Seeding Assay Using RT-QuIC.- Electron-Microscopic Analysis of α-Synuclein Fibrils.- α-Synuclein Seeding Assay Using Cultured Cells.- Analysis of α-Synuclein in Exosomes.- Measurement of GCase Activity in Cultured Cells.- Detection of Substrate Phosphorylation of LRRK2 in Tissues and Cultured Cells.- Two Methods to Analyze LRRK2 Functions Under Lysosomal Stress: The Measurements of Cathepsin Release and Lysosomal Enlargement.- Differentiation of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons from Human iPS Cells.- Monitoring PINK1-Parkin Signaling Using Dopaminergic Neurons from iPS Cells.- Generation of Mitochondrial Toxin Rodent Models of Parkinson’s Disease Using 6-OHDA, MPTP, and Rotenone.- Midbrain Slice Culture as an Ex Vivo Analysis Platform for Parkinson's Disease.- α-Synuclein Propagation Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease.- Common Marmoset Model of α-Synuclein Propagation.- Application of a Tissue Clearing Method for the Analysis of Dopaminergic Axonal Projections.-Deep Brain Stimulation Using Animal Models of Parkinson’s Disease.- Assessment of Cytotoxicity of α-Synuclein in Budding Yeast Using a Spot Growth Assay and Fluorescent Microscopy.- The Functional Assessment of LRRK2 in Caenorhabditis elegans Mechanosensory Neurons.- Analysis of Dopaminergic Functions in Drosophila.- Evaluation of Mitochondrial Function and Morphology in Drosophila.- Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Ca2+ Imaging in Drosophila Dopaminergic Neurons.