Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 126 (eBook)

Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 126 opens with a discussion on fungal infections of the central nervous system and the way they have been known to parallel the incidence of systemic fungal infections in at risk populations. The reported percentages of central nervous system involvement associated with invasive fungal infections range from 3% - 100% depending on the species isolated. Next, the authors discuss the effect of agouti-related peptide on the increase of food intake and body weight in animal models of cachexia, proposing agouti-related peptide as a possible anti-anorexigenic drug. This compilation includes the first complete overview of human leukocyte antigen variation across Austronesian populations and includes the effects of admixture along the migration path during their 5,000 year diaspora. The authors conclude that intermarriage has shifted allele frequencies in migrant peoples from those found in their original pure Austronesian stock (Taiwanese natives) towards those populations with which they have since become blended. Following this, a review of the factors affecting the photodegradation reaction and mechanism of riboflavin and related compounds is provided. Riboflavin belongs to the family of vitamin B complex and is present in a number of food products. Additionally, this book addresses the determination that the existence of the majority of microorganisms in the form of three-dimensional associates on the phase interface proves the significant survivable advantages as compare with selective ones. Afterwards, the authors present their designed dimeric dipeptide called GK-2 (bis(N-succinyl-Lglutamyl-L-lysine)hexametylendiamide) on the base of a beta-turn sequence of NGF loop4, which is most exposed to solvent and hence has a significant role in the interaction of NGF with the receptor. Later, the authors analyzed the pharmacological properties of the GlyR in the immature retina and compare those with the adult. Membranes from adult and immature rat retinas were incubated under different conditions in the presence of radioactive glycine or strychnine. Radioactive binding was considered as the specific binding to the GlyR. The closing chapter discusses Professor Werner Kalow (1917-2008), a pioneer in the field of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics, foreseeing future emerging subspecialties such as pharmacoepigenetics/pharmacoepigenomics and pharmacoanthropology. All these disciplines study human individuality and variability, paving the way for a translational personalized medicine. However, they cannot be legitimate if not properly founded by a broader, coherently unified science which deals with method and principles.