Solar Neutrinos

John Bahcall has held positions at Indiana University, Caltech, and the Institute for Advanced Study. He is currently the Richard Black Professor of Natural Sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study and Visiting Lecturer with rank of Professor at Princeton University. He has received numerous awards, including the National Medal of Science and the Hans Bethe Prize from the American Physical Society in 1998. He has written several books, including Unsolved Problems in Astrophysics and The Decade of Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics He was recently awarded the Dan David prize for his wide-ranging contributions, given by the Tel Aviv-based Dan David Foundation. Peter Parker is Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Yale University in the Wright Nuclear Structure labouratory. Since his graduate student days, Parker has performed labouratory experiments to study nuclear reactions that are important in stars. Roger Ulrich is professor of Astronomy at the University of California, Los Angeles, and is active in the study of the solar interior using theoretical and observational methods. He first interpreted the periodic fluctuations observed on the solar surface as the solar analogue of terrestrial seismic waves. Raymond Davis, Jr. retired from a prestigious career at Brookhaven Lab, a multi-program national labouratory operated for the U.S. Dept. of Energy, to become a research professor at the University of Pennsylvania in 1984. A member of the National Academy of Sciences, Davis has won numerous scientific awards, including the Tom W. Bonner Prize in 1988 and the W.K.H. Panofsky Prize in 1992. Alexei Smirnov is senior research scientist at the International centre for Theoretical Physics (Trieste, Italy), and is also a leading research scientist at the Institute for nuclear research of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. Smirnov is a co-discoverer of the MSW (Mikhayev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein) effect, which describes how matter can enhance the flavor conversion of neutrinos, and is a leading particle phenomenologist.

Frontiers in Physics -- Editor’s Foreword -- Preface to the 2002 Paperback Edition -- Standard Model Expectations -- Introduction -- Standard Model Expectations -- Solar Neutrinos. I. Theoretical* -- Calcium-37† -- New Delayed-Proton Emitters: Ti44, Ca37, AND Ar33 † -- Neutrino Opacity I. Neutrino-Lepton Scattering* -- Absorption Of Solar Neutrinos In Deuterium* -- Solar Neutrinos* -- Prediction For Neutrino-Electron Cross-Sections In Weinberg’s Model Of Weak Interactions -- Solar neutrino experiments -- Solar Neutrino Flux* -- Helium Content And Neutrino Fluxes In Solar Models* -- A Study Of Solar Evolution -- On the Problem of Detecting Solar Neutrinos -- Present Status of the Theoretical Predictions for the 36Cl Solar-Neutrino Experiment * -- Solar Neutrinos and the Solar Helium Abundance * -- Sensitivity of the Solar-Neutrino Fluxes * -- More Solar Models and Neutrino Fluxes * † -- Standard solar models and the uncertainties in predicted capture rates of solar neutrinos -- Solar models, neutrino experiments, and helioseismology -- Our Sun. I. The Standard Model -- Standard solar models, with and without helium diffusion, and the solor neutrino problem -- On the depletion of lithium in the Sun -- Standard solar models with CESAM code -- Toward a Unified Classical model of the Sun: on the Sensitivity of Neutrinos and Helioseismology to the Microscopic Physics -- Solar neutrinos and nuclear reactions in the solar interior -- Do solar-neutrino experiments imply new physics? -- Effects of Heavy-Element Settling on Solar Neutrino Fluxes and Interior Structure -- Solar Neutrino Experiments -- Introduction -- Solar Neutrino Experiments -- National Research Council of Canada division of atomic energy -- Solar Neutrinos. II. Experimental* -- Limits on Solar Neutrino Flux and Elastic Scattering* -- Neutrino-Spectroscopy of Tee Solar Interior * -- Detection of Solar Neutrinos by Means of the Ga71(v,e~)Ge71 Reaction -- Proposed Solar-Neutrino Experiment Using 7lGa -- Direct Approach to Resolve the Solar-Neutrino Problem -- Predictions For a Liquid Argon Solar Neutrino Detector -- New Tools for Solving the Solar-Neutrino Problem -- Radiochemical Neutrino Detection via l27I(ve, e −)l27 Xe -- The Superkamiokande -- Sudbury Neutrino Observatory -- Search for Neutrinos from the Sun* -- Solar Neutrinos -- The Chlorine Solar Neutrino Experiment -- Results from One Thousand Days of Real-Time, Directional Solar-Neutrino Data -- Search for Neutrinos from the Sun Using the Reaction 71Ga(v e ,e –)71 Ge -- Solar neutrinos observed by GALLEX at Gran Sasso -- GALLEX results from the first 30 solar neutrino runs -- Results from SAGE -- Solar Neutrinos: Proposal for a New Test -- Inverse β Decay of 115In → 115Sn*: A New Possibility for Detecting Solar Neutrinos from the Proton-Proton Reaction -- Solar Neutrino Production of Technetium-97 and Technetium-98 -- Feasibility of a 81Br(v,e –)81Kr Solar Neutrino Experiment -- Detection of Solar Neutrinos in Superfluid Helium -- Nuclear Fusion Reactions -- Introduction -- Nuclear Fusion Reactions - Parker -- H3(α, γ)Li7 and He3(α,γ)Be7 Reactions -- Completion of The Proton-Proton Reaction Chain and The Possibility of Energetic Neutrino Emission by Hot Stars* -- Session XA -- γ Rays from an Extranuclear Direct Capture Process -- Electron Capture and Nuclear Matrix Elements of Be7 † -- The Reaction D(p, γ)He3 Below 50 Kev -- He3(α, γ)Be7 Reaction* -- Termination of The Proton-Proton Chain in Stellar Interiors* -- The Effect of Be7 K-Capture on the Solar Neutrino Flux* -- The Rate of the Proton-Proton Reaction* -- The 7Be Electron-Capture Rate -- 3He,(3He, 2p)4He Total Cross-Section Measurements Below the Coulomb Barrier* -- Reaction Rates in the Proton-Proton Chain* -- Low-Energy 3He(α, γ)7Be Cross-Section Measurements -- Proton capture cross section of 7Be and the flux of high energy solar neutrinos -- Astrophysical S(E) Factor of 3He(3He, 2p)4He at Solar Energies* -- The Fate of 7Be in the Sun -- Physics Beyond the Standard Model -- Introduction -- Physics Beyond the Standard Model - Smirnov -- Neutrino Astronomy and Lepton Charge -- Lepton Non-Conservation and Solar Neutrinos * -- Realistic calculations of solar-neutrino oscillations -- “Just So” Neutrino Oscillations -- Are Neutrinos Stable Particles?* -- Neutrino Decay in Matter -- Neutrino Mixing, Decays and Supernova 1987A * -- Neutrino oscillations in matter -- Matter effects on three-neutrino oscillations -- On the detection of cosmological neutrinos by coherent scattering -- Resonance enhancement of oscillations in matter and solar neutrino spectroscopy -- Neutrino oscillations in a variable-density medium and v-bursts due to the gravitational collapse of stars -- Treatment of v ⊙-Oscillations in Solar Matter the MSW Effect -- Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein enhancement of oscillations as a possible solution to the solar-neutrino problem -- Possible Explanation of the Solar-Neutrino Puzzle -- Nonadiabatic Level Crossing in Resonant Neutrino Oscillations -- Adiabatic Conversion of Solar Neutrinos -- Effect Of Neutrino Magnetic Moment On Solar Neutrino Observations -- Neutrino electrodynamics and possible consequences for solar neutrinos -- Resonant spin-flavor precession of solar and supernova neutrinos -- Resonant Amplification of Neutrino Spin Rotation in Matter and the Solar-Neutrino Problem -- Testing the principle of equivalence with neutrino oscillations -- Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect with flavor-changing neutrino interactions -- On the MSW effect with massless neutrinos and no mixing in the vacuum -- Helioseismology -- Introduction -- Velocity Fields in the Solar Atmosphere -- The Five-Minute Oscillations on the Solar Surface* -- A New Description of the Solar Five-Minute Oscillation -- Observations of Low Wavenumber Nonradial Eigenmodes of the Sun* -- Solar structure from global studies of the 5-minute oscillation -- Solar oscillations -- Internal rotation of the Sun -- Seismology of the Sun -- The Depth of the Solar Convection Zone -- Advances in Helioseismology -- Transition from “Problem” to Opportunity” -- Introduction -- How uncertain are solar neutrino predictions? -- Solar 8B and hep Neutrino Measurements from 1258 Days of Super-Kamiokande Data -- Measurement of the Rate of ve + d→p + p + e- Interactions Produced by 8B Solar Neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory