Elements of Scientific Inquiry

Eric Martin and Daniel Osherson present in this text a theory of inductive logic that is built from the tools of logic and model theory. Their aim is to extend the mathematics of Formal Learning Theory to a more general setting, and to provide a more accurate image of empirical inquiry.

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One influential view of science focuses on the credibility that scientists attach to alternative theories, and on the evolution of these credibilities under the impact of data. Interpreting credibility as probability leads to the Bayesian analysis of inquiry, which has helped us to understand diverse aspects of scientific practice. Eric Martin and Daniel N. Osherson take as their starting point in this text a different set of intuitions about the variables to be retained in a model of inquiry. They present a theory of inductive logic that is built from the tools of logic and model theory. Their aim is to extend the mathematics of Formal Learning Theory to a more general setting, and to provide a more accurate image of empirical inquiry. In particular, their theory integrates ideas in the theory of rational belief change. The formal results of their study illuminate aspects of scientific inquiry that are not covered by the Bayesian approach. Exercises appear throughout the text, and solutions are provided in an appendix.