Clinical 3D Dosimetry in Modern Radiation Therapy

Ben Mijnheer got his PhD at the University of Amsterdam on a study concerning standardization of neutron dosimetry. After working on a neutron therapy project in the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) in Amsterdam, he joined this institution as a clinical physicist. Later he became Head of the Physics Department, Professor at Inholland University, and is until now involved in research projects and teaching activities at the NKI. He served for many years on the editorial board of Radiotherapy and Oncology and Medical Physics Journal, is (co-)-author of about 250 articles and chapters in books, and was supervisor of about 25 PhD theses. He was involved in the organisation of the physics programme of many international scientific meetings, and faculty member of numerous courses dealing with various aspects of radiotherapy for medical physicists, radiation oncologists and radiation therapists, both at the national and international level. He received the ESTRO Breur Gold Medal and Emmanuel van der Schueren Award.

INTRODUCTION. Introduction and overview. Accuracy requirements for 3D dosimetry in contemporary radiation therapy. INSTRUMENTATION. Detectors for reference dosimetry. Point detectors for determining and verifying 3D dose distributions. Polymer gel dosimetry. Radiochromic 3D detectors. Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) dosimetry. 2D and semi-3D dosimetry systems. MEASUREMENT AND COMPUTATION. Small field dosimetry in photon beams. Special delivery techniques. 4D dosimetry. Light-ion beam dosimetry. Monte Carlo applications in clinical 3D dosimetry. Quantifying differences in dose distributions. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS. Acceptance testing, commissioning, and QA of linear accelerators. Commissioning and QA of treatment planning systems. Patient specific QA: pre-treatment 3D dose verification. Patient specific QA: in vivo 3D dose verification. Audits using end-to-end tests. Brachytherapy dosimetry in three dimensions. Dose outside the treatment volume in external beam therapy. Imaging dose in radiation therapy. Dose verification of proton and carbon ion beam treatments. EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS. Dosimetry of small animal precision irradiators. 3D dosimetry in synchrotron radiation therapy techniques. 3D dosimetry in magnetic fields