Magnetic Confinement Fusion Driven Thermonuclear Energy (eBook)

Dr. Bahman Zohuri currently works for Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Inc., a consulting firm that he started in 1991 when he left both the semiconductor and defense industries after many years working as a chief scientist. After graduating from the University of Illinois in the field of physics, applied mathematics, then he went to the University of New Mexico, where he studied nuclear engineering and mechanical engineering. He joined Westinghouse Electric Corporation, where he performed thermal hydraulic analysis and studied natural circulation in an inherent shutdown, heat removal system (ISHRS) in the core of a liquid metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR) as a secondary fully inherent shutdown system for secondary loop heat exchange. All these designs were used in nuclear safety and reliability engineering for a self-actuated shutdown system. He designed a mercury heat pipe and electromagnetic pumps for large pool concepts of a LMFBR for heat rejection purposes for this reactor around 1978, when he received a patent for it. He was subsequently, transferred to the defense division of Westinghouse, where he oversaw dynamic analysis and methods of launching and controlling MX missiles from canisters. The results were applied to MX launch seal performance and muzzle blast phenomena analysis (i.e., missile vibration and hydrodynamic shock formation). Dr. Zohuri was also involved in analytical calculations and computations in the study of nonlinear ion waves in rarefying plasma. The results were applied to the propagation of so-called soliton waves and the resulting charge collector traces in the rarefaction characterization of the corona of laser-irradiated target pellets. As part of his graduate research work at Argonne National Laboratory, he performed computations and programming of multi-exchange integrals in surface physics and solid-state physics. He earned various patents in areas such as diffusion processes and diffusion furnace design while working as a senior process engineer at various semiconductor companies, such as Intel Corp., Varian Medical Systems, and National Semiconductor Corporation. He later joined Lockheed Martin Missile and Aerospace Corporation as Senior Chief Scientist and oversaw research and development (R&D) and the study of the vulnerability, survivability, and both radiation and laser hardening of different components of the Strategic Defense Initiative, known as Star Wars. This included payloads (i.e., IR sensor) for the Defense Support Program, the Boost Surveillance and Tracking System, and Space Surveillance and Tracking Satellite against laser and nuclear threats. While at Lockheed Martin, he also performed analyses of laser beam characteristics and nuclear radiation interactions with materials, transient radiation effects in electronics, electromagnetic pulses, system-generated electromagnetic pulses, single-event upset, blast, thermo-mechanical, hardness assurance, maintenance, and device technology. He spent several years as a consultant at Galaxy Advanced Engineering serving Sandia National Laboratories, where he supported the development of operational hazard assessments for the Air Force Safety Center in collaboration with other researchers and third parties. Ultimately, the results were included in Air Force Instructions issued specifically for directed energy weapons operational safety. He completed the first version of a comprehensive library of detailed laser tools for airborne lasers, advanced tactical lasers, tactical high-energy lasers, and mobile/ tactical high-energy lasers, for example. He also oversaw SDI computer programs, in connection with Battle Management C3I and artificial intelligence, and autonomous systems. He is the author of several publications and holds several patents, such as for a laser-activated radioactive decay and results of a through-bulkhead initiator. He has published the following works: Heat Pipe Design and Technology: A Practical Approach (CRC Press); Dimensional Analysis and Self-Similarity Methods for Engineering and Scientists (Springer); High Energy Laser (HEL): Tomorrow’s Weapon in Directed Energy Weapons Volume I (Trafford Publishing Company); and recently the book on the subject Directed Energy Weapons and Physics of High Energy Laser with Springer. He has other books with Springer Publishing Company; Thermodynamics in Nuclear Power Plant Systems (Springer); and Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis of Nuclear Reactors (Springer).

About the AuthorPrefaceAcknowledgmentCHAPTER ONE:Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory1.1Introduction1.2Vector Analysis1.2.1Vector Algebra1.2.2Vector Gradient1.2.3Vector Integration1.2.4Vector Divergence1.2.5Vector Curl1.2.6Vector Differential Operator1.3Further Developments1.4Electrostatics1.4.1The Coulomb's Law1.4.2The Electric Field1.4.3The Gauss's Law1.5Solution of Electrostatic Problems1.5.1Poisson's Equation1.5.2Laplace's Equation1.6Electrostatic Energy1.6.1Potential Energy of a Group of Point Charges1.6.2Electrostatic Energy of a Charge Distribution1.6.3Forces and Torques1.7Maxwell's Equations1.8Debye Length1.9Physics of Plasmas1.10Fluid Description of Plasma1.11MHD1.12Plasma Stability1.13Kink Stability1.14ReferencesCHAPTER TWO:Principles of Plasma Physics2.1Introduction2.2Barrier Penetration2.3Calculation of Coulomb Barrier2.4Thermonuclear Fusion Reactions2.5Rates of Thermonuclear Reactions2.6Thermonuclear Fusion Reactions2.7Critical Ignition Temperature for Fusion2.8Controlled Thermonuclear Ideal Ignition Temperature2.9Bremsstrahlung Radiation2.10Bremsstrahlung Plasma Radiation Losses2.11Bremsstrahlung Emission Rate2.12Additional Radiation Losses2.13Inverse Bremsstrahlung in Controlled Thermonuclear ICF and MCF2.14ReferencesCHAPTER THREE:Confinement Systems for Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion3.3Introduction3.4Magnetic Confinement Fusion3.5Summary of Guiding Center Drift3.6Motion of Plasma Particles in a Magnetic Field3.7Stabilization of the Pinched Discharge3.8Linear Pinched Discharge3.9Magnetic Confinement Fusion Reactors3.9.1The Tokamak3.9.1.1Plasma Diffusion3.9.2The Reversed Field Pinch3.9.2.1Theory3.9.2.2Experiment3.9.2.3Low Beta Pinch3.9.2.4High Beta Pinch3.9.2.5Reversed Field Pinch as a Fusion Reactor3.9.3The Stellarator3.9.4The Field Reversed Configuration3.9.5The Levitated Dipole3.10ReferencesIndex