The Routledge Handbook of Neuroethics

L. Syd M Johnson is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Bioethics in the departments of Humanities and Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology at Michigan Technological University. Her current research focuses on ethical and epistemological issues in disorders of consciousness and sport-related neurotrauma. Karen S. Rommelfanger is an Assistant Professor in the departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, the Neuroethics Program Director at Emory University’s Center for Ethics, and Neuroscience Editor-in-Residence at the American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience. A neuroscientist and ethicist, her current research explores how evolving neuroscience and neurotechnologies challenge societal definitions of disease and medicine. She is a member of the Neuroethics Division of the NIH BRAIN Initiative.

Contents

List of Contributors

Introduction

Part I. What is Neuroethics?






The Competing Identities of Neuroethics: Remarks on Theoretical and Methodological Assumptions and Their Practical Implications for the Future of Neuroethics
Eric Racine and Matthew Sample




Neuroethics and the Neuroscientific Turn
Jon Leefmann and Elisabeth Hildt

Part II. The Ethics of Neuroscience




Thinking Differently: Neurodiversity and Neural Engineering
Sara Goering




The Ethics of Expanding Applications of Deep Brain Stimulation
Markus Christen and Sabine Müller

4.1 Spotlight: Neuromodulation

4.2 Spotlight: Ablation Techniques

Markus Christen and Sabine Müller




The Ethics of Prodromal and Preclinical Disease Stages
Jalayne J. Arias, Jennifer Sarrett, Rosa Gonzalez, Elaine F. Walker




Disorders of Consciousness and the Use of Neurotechnologies: An Ethical Perspective
Orsolya Friedrich and Ralf J. Jox




Placebo for Psychogenic Disorders: Ethics, Illness, and Treatment Narratives
Lindsey Grubbs and Karen S. Rommelfanger




Cosmetic Neurology and the Ethics of Enhancement
Anjan Chatterjee




Modafinil and the Increasing Lifestyle Use of Smart Drugs by Healthy People: Neuroethical and Societal Issues
Sebastian Porsdam Mann and Barbara J. Sahakian




Neuroenhancement and Therapy in National Defense Contexts
Michael N. Tennison and Jonathan D. Moreno




Moral Neuroenhancement
Brian D. Earp, Thomas Douglas, and Julian Savulescu






My Brain Made Me Do It?: Neuroscience and Criminal Responsibility
Valerie Gray Hardcastle




Your Brain on Lies: Deception Detection in Court
Julie A. Seaman

13.1 Spotlight: Lie Detection Technologies

Valerie Gray Hardcastle




Neuroprivacy and Cognitive Liberty
Paul Root Wolpe




Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications
L. Syd M Johnson




Neurohype: A Field Guide to Exaggerated Brain-Based Claims
Scott O. Lilienfeld, Elizabeth Aslinger, Julia Marshall, and Sally Satel




Neuroscience Online: Real Ethical Issues in Virtual Realms
Ryan H. Purcell and Karen S. Rommelfanger




Home Use of tDCS: From "Do-It-Yourself" to "Direct-To-Consumer"
Anna Wexler and Peter B. Reiner

Part III. The Neuroscience of Ethics




Moral Reasoning
John D. Banja




Informing Ethical Decision Making
Adam Feltz and Edward T. Cokely




Brain Implants: Implications for Free Will
Walter Glannon

21.1 Spotlight: Free Will

Walter Glannon




Personal Identity and Brain Identity
Georg Northoff and Nils-Frederic Wagner

22.1 Spotlight: Mind-Body Identity: Are We Just Our Brains?

Kimberly Van Orman




Values, Empathy, and the Brain
Nina L. Powell and Stuart W.G. Derbyshire






Moral Robots
Matthias Scheutz and Bertram F. Malle

24.1 Spotlight: Artificial Intelligence, Consciousness, and Moral Status

Susan Schneider

Part IV. Expanding the Frame




Neurogenderings and Neuroethics
Cyd Cipolla and Kristina Gupta




Neurodiversity, Neuroethics, and the Autism Spectrum
Emily Y. Liu




RDoC’s Special Kind of Reductionism and its Possible Impact on Clinical Psychiatry
Luc Faucher and Simon Goyer




Neuroethics in Context: The Development of the Discipline in Argentina
Arleen Salles




Neuroethics in Japan
Tamami Fukushi, Taichi Isobe, Eisuke Nakazawa, Yoshiyuki Takimoto, Akira Akabayashi, Laura Specker Sullivan and Osamu Sakura




The Neurobiologic Embedding of Childhood Socioeconomic Status
Margaret A. Sheridan




Prenatal and Neonatal Neuroethics: The Moral Significance of Painience
L. Syd M Johnson




Animal Minds: The Neuroethics of Nonhuman Dissent

Andrew Fenton and Adam Shriver

Index