Early Dutch Maritime Cartography

Günter Schilder (Vienna, 1942) studied geography and history at Vienna University from 1960 to 1967. He undertook two years of research in the Netherlands for his dissertation, and in 1970 he received his PhD from Vienna University. From 1971 he worked in the Netherlands at Utrecht University, researching the history of cartography. In 1981 he was appointed Professor of History of Cartography, a position he held until his retirement in 2005. Schilder is the author of numerous publications on the history of Dutch cartography and maritime discoveries, inter alia the books Australia unveiled. The share of the Dutch navigators in the discovery of Australia (1976); Voyage to the Great South Land. Willem de Vlamingh, 1696-1697 (1985); Wall-maps of the 16th and 17th centuries, published in The Netherlands, 4 vols. (1977-81); Sailing for the East (co-authored with Hans Kok) (2010). His nine-volume Opus Magnum, Monumenta Cartographica Neerlandica (1986-2013) has substantially increased our knowledge of and appreciation for Dutch cartography in its Golden Age. In 1981, Professor Schilder founded the Explokart Research Programme at Utrecht University. This renowned programme was later (2013) relocated to the University of Amsterdam, Special Collections Department. Contributions made by the Research Group, which consists of academics and dedicated volunteers, are published in Explokart Studies on the History of Cartography, which enjoys both domestic and international esteem.

Foreword

IPrinted Dutch Rutters and Charts for European Navigation up to c. 1585: an Overview

I.1The Earliest Dutch Printed Rutters and Charts
I.2The Pioneering Work of Cornelis Anthonisz.
I.3The Leeskaartboek van Wisbuy
I.4The Rutters of Govert Willemsz. van Hollesloot
I.5The Cartographical Work of Adriaen Gerritsz.
I.6Aelbert Haeyen’s Amstelredamsche Zee-Caerten

IILucas Jansz. Waghenaer: Pioneer of Dutch Maritime Cartography

II.1Waghenaer and Enkhuizen
II.2The First Printed Sea Atlas: The Spieghel der Zeevaerdt, 1584/85
II.3Waghenaer’s Charts of Europe, 1583 and 1592
II.4Unknown Charts by Lucas Jansz. Waghenaer
II.5Chart of Europe in Four Sheets, 1589
II.6A Pilot Guide in oblong: The Thresoor der zee-vaert, 1592
II.7Waghenaer’s Enckhuyser Zee-caert-boeck, 1598

IIIAmsterdam: Distribution Centre of Geographical and Cartographical Knowledge

IVA Landmark in Dutch Cartography: The Wall Map of the World by Petrus Plancius, 1592

VTo Farther Horizons: A Set of Printed Dutch Charts with Coastlines beyond Europe (1592-1594)

V.1Map of the Azores, Canary Islands and Parts of the Iberian Peninsula and North-Western Africa
V.2Map of the Atlantic Ocean with the North-Western Coasts of Africa and a Part of Brazil between 31oN and 15oS
V.3Map of Southern Africa between 2oN and 44oS
V.4Map of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Philippines with Surrounding Regions
V.5Map of the Northern Atlantic Ocean
V.6Map of the Northern Part of South America down to 35oS
V.7Map of the Southern Part of South America and Magellanica
V.8Map of Europe

VISixteenth-Century Dutch Cartography of the Mediterranean Sea

VI.1Ascendance of the Shipping through the Strait of Gibraltar (Straatvaart)
VI.2Willem Barentsz. and his Nieuwe beschryvinghe ende Caertboeck vande Midlandtsche Zee, 1595
VI.3The Overview-map of the Mediterranian Sea

VIIJan Huygen van Linschoten: Forerunner of Dutch Activities in Oversea

VII.1Jan Huygen van Linschoten (1562-1611)
VII.2The Publication of Van Linschoten’s Itinerario, 1595/96
VII.3The Maps in Van Linschoten’s Itinerario
VII.3.1 Map of the Atlantic Ocean between 8oN and 35oS
VII.3.2 Map of the Western Indian Ocean between 8oN and 35oS
VII.3.3 Map of the Northern Indian Ocean between 0o and 43oN
VII.3.4 Map of the Indonesian Archipelago and Far East between 20oS and 40oN
VII.3.5 Map of South America and a Part of Central America with Adjacent Islands

VIIIAmsterdam Publications on the Art of Navigation and Cosmography

VIII.1Pedro de Medina and his Arte de navegar
VIII.2William Bourne and his A Regiment for the Sea
VIII.3Rodrigo Zamorano and his Compendio de la arte de navegar
VIII.4Thomas Hood and his The Mariner’s Guide
VIII.5Peter Apian and his Cosmographie
VIII.6Robert Hues and his Tractatus de globis

IXThe North Holland School of Cartography (c. 1580-c. 1620)

XCornelis Doedsz.: Caertschrijver woonende t’Edam inde Vierheems-Kinderen

X.1Life and Work
X.2A Chart for the Eastern and Northern Navigation, 1589
X.3Two Manuscript Charts of Europe by Cornelis Doedsz.
X.3.1Chart of Europe of c. 1600
X.3.2Chart of Europe, 1607
X.4A Commercial Chart of Europe, 1602
X.5Willem Jansz. [Blaeu]: Publisher of Charts of Europe by Cornelis Doedsz.
X.5.1Doedsz.’s Chart of 1605.
X.5.2Doedsz.’s Chart of 1606
X.6Doedsz.’s Chart of Europe, Published by Dirck Pietersz. Pers, 1610
X.7The Graetboeck Compiled by Cornelis Doedsz.
X.8The Atlantic Scene: The Chart of the Atlantic Ocean by Cornelis Doedsz., 1600
X.8.1To New Horizons: Dutch Navigation to the West
X.8.2The Chart of the Atlantic Ocean, 1600
X.9Chart of the Western Part of the Indian Ocean, [1601-1606]
X.10Following the Track of the Ship de Liefde: Three Dutch Charts in Tokyo
X.11A Chart of the Indische Noord, Attributed to Cornelis Doedsz., c. 1600

XIEvert Gijsbertsz.: Caertschrijver tot Edam in die Pascaert

XI.1A Masterpiece in Prague: Evert Gijsbertsz.’s Chart of Europe, 1598
XI.2A Remarkable Chart of the North Sea, 1601
XI.3Two Representation Charts in the Former Possession of Maurits, Prince of Nassau, [1596]
XI.3.1Chart of the West Indies and South America, Attributed to Evert Gijsbertsz.
XI.3.2Chart of Western Part of the Indian Ocean, Attributed to Evert Gijsbertsz.
XI.4A Show-piece in Sydney: Evert Gijsbertsz. ‘s Chart of the Indian Ocean and Far East, 1599
VII.5A Navigation Chart of the Indian Ocean and Far East in Paris, 1599

XIIThe Manuscript Charts of the Atlantic Ocean by Jan Dircksz. Rijckemans and Claes Pietersz.

XII.1Chart of the Atlantic Ocean by Jan Dircksz. Rijckemans, 1599
XII.2Chart of the Atlantic Ocean by Claes Pietersz., 1607

XIIIThe Harmen and Marten Jansz. Brothers: Caertschrijvers inden Pascarte Tot Edam

XIII.1Three World Maps in Manuscript by Harmen and Marten Jansz.
XIII.1.1The World Map in Paris, 1610
XIII.1.2The World Map in Dresden, [1607-1610]
XIII.1.3The World Map in Greenwich, [1607-1610]
XIII.2The Charts of Europe in Manuscript and Print
XIII.2.1The Manuscript Copies
XIII.2.2The Charts Printed by Jan Evertsz. Cloppenburch
XIII.3Harmen Jansz.’s Manuscript Chart of the Atlantic Ocean, 1604

XIVThe Edam Caert-Schrijvers as Chart-Suppliers for Voyages to the East

XVAt the Cartographical Cradle of New Netherlands

XVIJoris Carolus: Stuyrman ende Caertschrijver tot Enchuysen

XVI.1Voyage of Discovery in 1614
XVI.2Voyages to the North-West, 1615-1617
XVI.3The Scientific Voyage of 1618
XVI.4A Chart of the Danish Waters
XVI.5Charts of Iceland and the Northern Regions
XVI.6The Pilot Guide of 1634

Appendices
1 List of Charts in Waghenaer’s Spieghel der Zeevaerdt, 1585.
2 List of Charts in Waghenaer’s Thresoor der zee-vaert, 1592.

Bibliography

Index on Peronal Names