Biology: A Global Approach plus MasteringBiology with Pearson eText, Global Edition

1 Biology and Its Themes

Inquiring About Life

Concept 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes

Concept 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life

Concept 1.3 In studying nature, scientists make observations and form and test hypotheses

Concept 1.4 Science benefits from a cooperative approach and diverse viewpoints

 

Unit 1 THE ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN BIOLOGY

 

2 Atoms and Molecules

A Chemical Connection to Biology

Concept 2.1 Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds

Concept 2.2 An element’s properties depend on the structure of its atoms

Concept 2.3 The formation and function of molecules depend on chemical bonding between atoms

Concept 2.4 Chemical reactions make and break chemical bonds

 

3 The Chemistry of Water  

The Molecule That Supports All of Life  

Concept 3.1 Polar covalent bonds in water molecules result in hydrogen bonding 

Concept 3.2 Four emergent properties of water contribute to Earth’s suitability for life 

Concept 3.3 Acidic and basic conditions affect living organisms 

 

4 Carbon: The Basis of Molecular Diversity  

Carbon: The Backbone of Life  

Concept 4.1 Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds

Concept 4.2 Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms 

Concept 4.3 A few chemical groups are key to molecular function 

 

5 Biological Macromolecules and Lipids  

The Molecules of Life  

Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 

Concept 5.2 Carbohydrates serve as fuel and building material 

Concept 5.3 Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules 

Concept 5.4 Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions 

Concept 5.5 Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information 

Concept 5.6 Genomics and proteomics have transformed biological inquiry and applications 

 

6 Energy and Life  

The Energy of Life  

Concept 6.1 An organism’s metabolism transforms matter and energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics 

Concept 6.2 The free-energy change of a reaction tells us whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously 

Concept 6.3 ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions 

Concept 6.4 Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers 

Concept 6.5 Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism 

 

Unit 2 Cell biology

 

7 Cell Structure and Function  

The Fundamental Units of Life  

Concept 7.1 Biologists use microscopes and biochemistry to study cells 

Concept 7.2 Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions Concept 7.3 The eukaryotic cell’s genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried out by the ribosomes 

Concept 7.4 The endomembrane system regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions 

Concept 7.5 Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another 

Concept 7.6 The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell 

Concept 7.7 Extracellular components and connections between cells help coordinate cellular activities 

Concept 7.8 A cell is greater than the sum of its parts