Molecular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

Francis M. Martin is Research Director at the French National Institute for Agricultural (INRA) and leader of the INRA-Nancy Center of Exellence in Forestry. Dr. Martin has been researching plant effectors for more than a decade and has carried our research in France, the United States, Canada, and Australia. He has published more than 140 peer-reviewed papers, 17 review papers and 35 book chapters. He is now the lead scientist at the Ecogenomics of Interactions Lab at INRA.

List of contributors vii

Foreword xi

Preface xiii

Section 1: Structure and phylogeny of mycorrhizal symbioses 1

1 Origins of the mycorrhizal symbioses 3
Christine Strullu‐Derrien Paul Kenrick and Marc‐André Selosse

2 Reappraising the origin of mycorrhizas 21
William R Rimington, Silvia Pressel, Katie J Field, Christine Strullu‐Derrien, Jeffrey G Duckett, and Martin I Bidartondo

3 The structure of arbuscular mycorrhizas: A cell biologist’s view 33
Andrea Genre and Paola Bonfante

4 Structure and development of ectomycorrhizal roots 47
Raffaella Balestrini and Ingrid Kottke

5 Structure and development of orchid mycorrhizas 63
John Dearnaley, Silvia Perotto and Marc‐André Selosse

Section 2: Cellular genetic and molecular mechanisms in the establishment of mycorrhizal symbioses 87

6 The evolution of the mycorrhizal lifestyles – a genomic perspective 89
Annegret Kohler and Francis Martin

7 Strigolactones and lipochitooligosaccharides as molecular communication signals in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis 107
Clare Gough and Guillaume Bécard

8 Calcium signaling and transcriptional regulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis 125
Leonie Luginbuehl and Giles ED Oldroyd

9 Signaling pathways driving the development of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis 141
Yohann Daguerre, Jonathan M Plett, and Claire Veneault‐Fourrey

Section 3: Physiology including carbon and nutrient exchange between symbionts 159

10 Carbohydrate metabolism in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis 161
Uwe Nehls Arpita Das and Dimitri Neb

11 Nitrogen acquisition in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis 179
Rodica Pena

12 Phosphorus metabolism and transport in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis 197
Katsuharu Saito and Tatsuhiro Ezawa

13 Primary metabolism in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: Carbon nitrogen and sulfur 217
Michael Bitterlich Jan Graefe and Philipp Franken

14 The transportome of mycorrhizal systems 239
Pierre‐Emmanuel Courty, Joan Doidy, Kevin Garcia Daniel Wipf and Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann

15 Soil organic matter decomposition mechanisms in ectomycorrhizal fungi 257
Anders Tunlid, Dimitrios Floudas Roger Koide and François Rineau

16 Homeostasis of trace elements in mycorrhizal fungi 277
Joske Ruytinx, Elena Martino, Piotr Rozpądek, Stefania Daghino, Katarzyna Turnau, Jan Colpaert, and Silvia Perotto

Section 4: Population and community ecology and environmental genomics 299

17 Molecular identification of fungi 301
Leho Tedersoo and R Henrik Nilsson

18 Molecular technologies applied to the ecology of ectomycorrhizal communities 323
Marc Buée, Erwin Sentausa, and Claude Murat

19 The biogeography of ectomycorrhizal fungi – a history of life in the subterranean 341
Kabir G Peay and P Brandon Matheny

20 Spatial ecology of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities 363
Brian J Pickles and Ian C Anderson

21 Fungal ecology in boreal forest ecosystems 387
Björn D Lindahl and Karina E Clemmensen

22 Ecology of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi: What insight have we gained with molecular tools and what’s missing? 405
Gwen Grelet, Elena Martino, Ian A Dickie, Rosnida Tajuddin, and Rebekka Artz

23 Evolutionary genomics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 421
Rohan Riley, Philippe Charron, Timea Marton, and Nicolas Corradi

24 Mycorrhiza helper bacteria 437
Aurélie Deveau and Jessy Labbé

25 Mixotrophy in mycorrhizal plants: Extracting Carbon from mycorrhizal networks 451
Marc‐André Selosse, Melissa Faust Bocayuva, Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya, and Pierre‐Emmanuel Courty

26 Second‐generation molecular understanding of mycorrhizas in soil ecosystems 473
Ian A Dickie and Mark G St John

Index 493