Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antennas (eBook)

Dr. Rajveer S. Yaduvanshi is working as associate professor in the department of ECE  at Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research Delhi for the last seven years. Before that he was working as senior scientific officer in Ministry of Defence, Government of India. He has a total of 31 years of experience in teaching and research. He is author of a book on MHD Antenna, Design and Applications and has published several papers in reputed journals and conferences. He has supervised 151 B.Tech projects, 11 MTech projects, and is currently supervising 7 Phd students. He holds an M. Tech degree from NIT Allahabad and a Phd from NSIT, Delhi (Delhi University). His research interests include design of MHD embedded antennas and analysis of higher modes in DRA .Dr. Harish Parthasarathy is working as professor in the department of ECE at , Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology. He is author of more than eleven books and has guided several Phd students. He holds his Phd and B. Tech degrees from IIT Delhi. His research involves antenna and signal processing with specialization in mathematical modeling.

Preface 5
Acknowledgments 12
Contents 13
About the Authors 17
1 Rectangular DRA Fundamental Background 18
Abstract 18
1.1 Introduction 18
1.2 History of DRA 19
1.3 Working Mechanism of RDRA 19
1.4 Antenna Radiation Parameters 21
1.5 Advantage of RDRA 21
1.6 Resonant Modes 21
1.7 Characterization of Resonant Modes 23
1.8 Magnetic Dipole Moment 25
1.9 Spring Resonator of Length L 25
References 26
2 Rectangular DRA Resonant Modes and Sources 28
Abstract 28
2.1 Introduction 28
2.2 Type of Modes (TE, TM, HEM) 31
2.3 Solutions of Helmholtz Equation 32
2.4 Rectangular Waveguide Analysis 34
2.5 Two-Dimensional Resonator 37
2.6 Basic Mathematical Representation of Resonant Modes 38
2.7 Voltage Source Model 42
2.8 Resonant Modes Generation 44
2.9 MATLAB Simulated Results 46
Reference 49
3 Mathematical Analysis of Rectangular DRA 50
Abstract 50
3.1 Rectangular DRA with Homogeneous Medium 51
3.2 Rectangular DRA Mathematical Modeling 53
3.2.1 Model-1 53
3.2.2 Model-2 58
3.2.3 Model-3 62
3.2.4 Model-4 67
3.2.5 Basic Theory 69
4 Mathematical Analysis of Transcendental Equation in Rectangular DRA 73
Abstract 73
4.1 Case-1: Top and Bottom Walls as PMC and Rest of the Four Walls are PEC 76
4.2 Case-2 81
4.3 MATLAB Simulation Results 94
4.4 Resonant Frequency of RDRA for Experimentations 103
5 Mathematical Analysis of RDRA Amplitude Coefficients 119
Abstract 119
5.1 Introduction 119
5.2 Amplitude Coefficients Cmnp 120
5.3 RDRA Maxwell's Equation-Based Solution 122
5.4 RDRA Inhomogeneous Permittivity and Permeability 128
5.5 RDRA with Probe Current Excitation 134
5.6 RDRA Resonant Modes Coefficients in Homogeneous Medium 137
5.7 RDRA Modes with Different Feed Position 139
5.8 R, L, C Circuits and Resonant Modes 141
5.9 Resonant Modes Based on R, L, C Circuits 146
6 Mathematical Analysis of Radiation Pattern of RDRA 151
Abstract 151
6.1 Introduction 151
6.2 Radiation Pattern of RDRA Due to Probe Current i(t) and Probe Length dl 153
6.2.1 Radiation Pattern 155
6.3 Poynting Vector 156
6.4 Moat-Shaped RDRA Radiation Pattern 157
6.5 Quality Factor of RDRA 160
7 Rectangular DRA Higher-Order Modes and Experimentations 163
Abstract 163
7.1 Introduction to Higher Modes 164
7.2 Resonant Frequency and RDRA Structure 172
7.2.1 Fields in Rectangular DRA 174
7.3 Modes (Resonant) Mathematical Solution 181
7.4 Top-Loading RDRA 182
7.5 Simulated HFSS Results 183
7.6 Modes at Varying Heights of RDRA 184
7.7 Distortions Due to Overlap of Dipole Moment 184
7.8 Prototype and Anechoic Chamber Experimentations 184
7.9 Adjacent Modes Combination for Broadband Applications 185
7.10 Effect of Air Gap Between RDRA and Ground Plane 185
7.11 Effect of Asymmetrical Wells Inside RDRA 186
7.12 Effect of Moat Insertion Inside RDRA 186
7.13 Effect of a/b and d/b Aspect Ratio 187
Reference 195
8 RDRA Angular Excitation Mathematical Model and Resonant Modes 196
Abstract 196
8.1 Introduction 196
8.2 Angular Shift in Excitation 200
8.3 Radiation Pattern Based on Angle {{/varvec (/oslash}}_{{/bf 0}} ,{{/varvec {/phi}_{{/bf 0}}}} ) Variation in xy Plane 204
8.4 Replacing Probe with Slot of Finite Dimensions (Ls, Ws) at an Angle {{{{/varvec (}}{{/varvec /theta}}_{{/bf 0}}}} ,{{{/varvec /phi}_{{/bf 0}}}} ) 205
8.5 HFSS Computed Radiation Pattern with Shifted {{({/varvec /theta}_{{/varvec i}} ,{{/varvec /phi}_{{/varvec i}}}}} ) Slot Positions 207
8.6 Experimentations 208
9 Sensitivity Analysis of Rectangular DRA 214
Abstract 214
9.1 MATLAB Simulation 221
9.2 HFSS Simulations 222
9.2.1 HFSS Result 223
9.3 Radiation Pattern 225
10 Hybrid Modes in RDRA 226
Abstract 226
10.1 Introduction 226
10.2 Mathematical Model 229
10.3 Modes in Homogeneous Medium with Source Terms 233
10.4 Current Density in RDRA 234
10.5 E and H Fields 235
10.6 Mathematical Modeling of Hybrid Modes 236
10.7 General Solution of Hybrid Modes (HEM) 240
10.8 HFSS Results 245
10.9 Prototype RDRA Results 247
11 Inhomogeneous Permittivity, Permeability, and Conductivity Solution in Rectangular DRA 248
Abstract 248
11.1 Introduction 248
11.2 Mathematical Model 249
11.3 Applications: Hybrid Modes Generation Inside RDRA Can Be Used for Polarization Diversity 265
11.3.1 RF Measurements for Antenna Parameters 265
12 Case Studies 266
Abstract 266
12.1 Structure and Hardware Experimentations 266
12.1.1 RDRA Antenna Results 268
12.2 RDRA with Manganese--Manganese Material as Dielectric 271
12.3 Dual-Feed RDRA with Measurements Results 284
12.4 Isolated and Grounded RDRA 294
12.4.1 S11 Plot 294
12.4.2 Gain Plot 296
12.4.3 Impedance (Z) Plot 296
12.4.4 Design of RDRA with Ground Plane 297
12.4.5 S11 Plot 297
12.4.6 Gain Plot 297
12.4.7 Impedance Plot 298
12.4.8 Comparison of DRA With and Without Ground Plane 299
12.4.9 Detailed Design of Aperture-Coupled DRA 300
12.4.10 Return Loss 301
12.4.11 Radiation Pattern 302
Annexure-1 303
Annexure-2 308
Annexure-3 322
Annexure-4 326
Annexure-5 341
Annexure-6 353
Outline placeholder 1
Cartesian, Cylindrical, and Spherical Coordinate System 353
Bibliography 373
Index 377