Elementary Heat Transfer Analysis (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Elementary Heat Transfer Analysis 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
The Author 6
Preface 12
Nomenclature 16
Design Problem 19
Chapter 1. Introduction 20
1.1 The continuum postulate 20
1.2 The Laws of Continuum Physics 21
1.3 Mechanisms of energy transport 22
1.4 Units 36
1.5 Design objectives 37
Solution to Design Problem 38
Problems 40
References 42
Design Problem II 43
Chapter 2. Steady, One-dimensional Heat Conduction 44
Summary of Section 2.1 44
2.1 The fundamental energy postulate 45
2.2 Steady heat conduction 49
2.3 Steady, one-dimensional heat conduction in rectangular coordinates 52
2.4 Steady, one-dimensional heat conduction in cylindrical coordinates 60
2.5 Steady, one-dimensional heat conduction in spherical coordinates 64
2.6 Extended surfaces-the rectangular fin 66
2.7 Order-of-magnitude analysis 75
Solution to Design Problem II 79
Problems 81
References 85
Design Problem III 87
Chapter 3. Transient Heat Conduction 88
3.1 The governing equation for transient heat conduction 88
3.2 Transient heat conduction for bodies with negligible internal resistance 90
3.3 Transient heat conduction in a semi-infinite slab 95
Solution to Design Problem III 102
Problems 105
References 106
Design Problem IV 107
Chapter 4. The Basic Equations of Momentum and Energy Transfer 108
Summary of Section 4.1 108
4.1 Kinematics 109
Summary of Section 4.2 114
4.2 The laws of mechanics 114
Summary of Section 4.3 119
4.3 The energy principle 119
Summary of Section 4.4 123
4.4 The thermal energy equation 124
Summary of Section 4.5 129
4.5 The thermal energy equation for a general flow process 130
4.6 Dimensional analysis for forced convection heat transfer 134
Summary of Section 4.7 141
4.7 The momentum and energy equations for laminar boundary layer flow 142
4.8 Exact solution of the laminar boundary layer equations 146
Summary of Section 4.9 147
4.9 Approximate solution of the laminar boundary layer equations 148
4.10 Dimensional analysis for free convection 160
4.11 Boundary layer analysis of free convection 163
Solution to Design Problem IV 164
Problems 169
References 174
Design Problem V 175
Chapter 5. Turbulent Flow 176
5.1 Time averages 176
5.2 Time-averaged form of the transport equations 181
5.3 Turbulent momentum and energy transport 185
Solution to Design Problem V 192
Problems 197
References 198
Design Problem VI 199
Chapter 6. Macroscopic Balances 200
6.1 The macroscopic mass balance 201
6.2 The macroscopic momentum balance 203
6.3 The macroscopic thermal energy balance 204
6.4 Film heat transfer coefficients for pipe flow: analysis 206
Summary of Section 6.5 212
6.5 Dimensional analysis for heat transfer to a fluid flowing in a tube 212
6.6 Experimental data and empirical correlations for heat transfer for flow in pipes 218
6.7 Heat transfer to fluids flowing past flat plates, cylinders, and spheres 228
6.8 Heat transfer for flow in packed beds and tube bundles 239
6.9 Free convection 252
Solution to Design Problem VI 257
Problems 262
References 267
Design Problem VII 269
Chapter 7. Thermal Radiation 270
7.1 Electromagnetic radiation 270
Summary of Section 7.2 274
7.2 The photon transport equation 275
7.3 Radiant energy transfer at surfaces 279
7.4 Black body radiation 286
Summary of Section 7.5 293
7.5 Non-black bodies 293
Solution to Design Problem VII 298
Problems 298
References 300
Design Problem VIII 301
Chapter 8. Radiant Energy Exchange 302
8.1 Black body radiant energy exchange 303
8.2 Evaluation of view factors 309
8.3 Radiant energy exchange in an enclosure 319
8.4 Radiant energy exchange between gray surfaces 323
Solution to Design Problem VIII 328
Problems 331
References 334
Chapter 9. Heat Transfer with Boiling and Condensation 336
9.1 Pool boiling 340
9.2 Dimensional analysis for a two-phase system with phase changes 346
9.3 Nucleate boiling and critical heat flux correlations 353
9.4 Film boiling 356
9.5 Forced-convection boiling 358
9.6 Condensation 359
9.7 Film condensation 360
9.8 Dropwise condensation 366
Problems 367
References 369
Appendix A 370
Appendix B 378
Author Index 384
Subject Index 386