Chemistry of Germanium (eBook)

Front Cover 1
The Chemistry of Geranium: Tin and Lead 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
PREFACE 8
PART XVI: GERMANIUM 10
CHAPTER 1. THE ELEMENT 10
1.1. DISCOVERY AND HISTORY. OCCURRENCE 10
1.2. PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRIAL USE 11
1.3. CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE ELEMENT 17
1.4. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY 19
1.5. ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION 20
CHAPTER 2. COMPOUNDS OF Ge(I) 21
2.1. MONOHYDRIDE, (GeH)* 21
2.2. MONOHALIDES 21
CHAPTER 3. COMPOUNDS OF Ge(II) 22
3.1. DIHYDRIDE, GeH2 ("POLYGERMENE") 22
3.2. GERMANIUM DIFLUORIDE, GeF2 22
3.3. GERMANIUM BICHLORIDE, GeCl2 22
3.4. GERMANIUM DIBROMIDE, GeBr2 23
3.5. GERMANIUM DIIODIDE, Gel 23
3.6. GERMANIUM MONOXIDE, GeO 23
3.7. GERMANIUM(II) HYDROXIDE, Ge(OH)2 24
3.8. GERMANIUM MONOSULFIDE, GeS 24
3.9. GERMANIUM(II) SELENIDE AND TELLURIDE 25
3.10. GERMANIUM(II) IMIDE AND NITRIDE 25
3.11. GERMANIUM(II) COMPOUNDS OF PHOSPHORUS AND ARSENIC 26
3.12. ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF Ge(II) 26
CHAPTER 4. COMPOUNDS OF Ge(III) 27
CHAPTER 5. COMPOUNDS OF Ge(IV) 27
5.1. GERMANIUM(IV) HYDRIDES 27
5.2. GERMANIUM(IV) HALIDES 30
5.3. GERMANIUM(IV) CHALCOGENIDES 35
5.4. OXYACID SALTS OF Ge(IV) 37
CHAPTER 6. ORGANOGERMANIUM COMPOUNDS 38
6.1. GENERAL 38
6.2. PREPARATIVE METHODS 39
6.3. TETRA-ALKYLS AND TETRA-ARYLS, RiGe 41
6.4. ORGANOGERMANIUM HYDRIDES 42
6.5. ORGANOGERMANIUM HALIDES 42
6.6. ORGANOGERMANIUM OXIDES 44
6.7. ORGANOFUNCTIONAL ORGANOGERMANIUM COMPOUNDS 45
6.8. OTHER ORGANOGERMANIUM COMPOUNDS 45
CHAPTER 7. COMPLEXES OF GERMANIUM(IV) 49
7.1. FLUOROGERMANATES AND CHLOROGERMANATES 49
7.2. COMPLEXES OF TRANSITION METALS 49
PART XVII: TIN 52
CHAPTER 1. THE ELEMENT 52
1.1. HISTORICAL 52
1.2. OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION 52
1.3. EXTRACTION 52
1.4. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL UTILIZATION OF TIN 53
1.5. ALLOTROPES OF TIN 53
1.6. ISOTOPES OF TIN 54
1.7. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TIN METAL 54
1.8. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 56
1.9. MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY 57
CHAPTER 2. COMPOUNDS 58
2.1. ALLOYS 58
2.2. TIN(II) BONDING 59
2.3. TIN(IV) BONDING 60
2.4. ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS 60
2.5. HYDRIDES 67
2.6. COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, ARSENIC, ANTIMONY AND BISMUTH 70
2.7. OXIDES AND OXYGEN COMPOUNDS 73
2.8. TIN SALTS OF INORGANIC OXY-ACIDS 83
2.9. CHALCOGEN COMPOUNDS 86
2.10. HALOGENO COMPOUNDS 90
2.11. PSEUDOHALOGEN COMPOUNDS 101
2.12. METAL-METAL BONDS INVOLVING TIN 105
PART XVIII: LEAD 114
CHAPTER 1. THE ELEMENT 114
1.1 HISTORICAL 114
1.2. OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION 114
1.3. EXTRACTION 114
1.4. LEAD METAL 115
1.5. ISOTOPES 115
1.6. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 116
1.7. ALLOYS 117
1.8. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALLIC LEAD 117
1.9. INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL UTILIZATION 119
1.10. ANALYSIS 120
1.11. TOXICITY 121
CHAPTER 2. COMPOUNDS 121
2.1. ORGANOLEAD COMPOUNDS 121
2.2. HYDRIDES 124
2.3. COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS ARSENIC, ANTIMONY AND BISMUTH 126
2.4. OXYGEN COMPOUNDS 128
2.5. LEAD SALTS OF INORGANIC ACIDS 138
2.6. CHALCOGEN COMPOUNDS 142
2.7. HALOGENO COMPOUNDS 144
2.8. PSEUDOHALIDES 150
2.9. METAL-METAL BONDS CONTAINING LEAD 151
INDEX 156
Contents of Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry 160
INDEPENDENT OPINION 162