Differentiation and Immunology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Differentiation and Immunology 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 6
INTRODUCTION: MOLECULAR SPECIFICITY—LINK BETWEEN IMMUNOLOGY AND DIFFERENTIATION 10
REFERENCES 18
CHAPTER 1. 
20 
STIMULUS-SENSORS IN BACTERIA AND THEIR VIRUSES 20
STIMULUS SENSORS IN ANIMAL CELLS 27
IMMUNOGLOBULIN SYNTHESIS ANALYZED BY THE USE OF PLASMACYTOMAS (MYELOMAS) 34
REFERENCES 43
CHAPTER 2. 
48 
THE MINIMUM THEORY 48
OBJECTIONS TO THE MINIMUM THEORY 49
APPLICATION OF THE MINIMUM THEORY 50
RECEPTOR AFFINITY 52
CARRIER-EFFECTS 54
A TEST FOR COOPERATION IN THE SECONDARY RESPONSE 57
THE FREQUENCY OF ANTIGEN-SENSITIVE CELLS 58
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 60
REFERENCES 60
CHAPTER 3. THE IMMUNOGENIC FUNCTION OF MACROPHAGES 62
REFERENCES 66
CHAPTER 4. 
68 
MATERIAL AND METHODS 69
RESULTS 70
DISCUSSION 85
SUMMARY 86
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 87
REFERENCES 87
CHAPTER 5. LYMPHOID CELLS DIFFERENTIATED WITH RESPECT TO VARIETY OF THEIR IMMUNOGLOBULIN PRODUCT 88
REFERENCES 101
CHAPTER 6. 
104 
THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGIC COMPETENCE 104
IMMUNOLOGIC IMMATURITY 106
LYMPHOID MATURATION 108
REFERENCES 109
CHAPTER 7. DIFFERENTIATION OF LYMPHOCYTES AND RECOGNITION OF SELF 112
MECHANISM OF TOLERANCE 112
TYPES OF AUTOIMMUNIZATION 115
REFERENCES 117
CHAPTER 8. 
120 
INTRODUCTION 120
GENERAL PROPERTIES AND CELL TYPES 120
THE TRANSITION FROM MONOCYTE TO MACROPHAGE 121
BIOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL HETEROGENEITY 122
THE IN VITRO MATURATION OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES 123
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF MACROPHAGE LYSOSOMES 124
THE ORIGIN OF MACROPHAGE LYSOSOMES 125
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PINOCYTOSIS AND LYSOSOME FORMATION 125
THE TRANSFER OF NEW-PROTEIN AND HYDROLASES TO SECONDARY LYSOSOMES 126
THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LYSOSOMES OF MACROPHAGES 127
THE REVERSIBILITY OF LYSOSOME FORMATION 127
THE FATE OF PINOCYTOSED PROTEINS IN MACROPHAGES 128
REFERENCES 129
CHAPTER 9. THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR STUDIES ON CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION 130
DIFFERENTIATION AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL 131
DIFFERENTIATION AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL 133
CONCLUSIONS 139
CHAPTER 10. DIFFERENTIATION FOR COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS IN CULTURED CELLS 142
COLLAGEN SYNTHESIZING CELL TYPES 143
THE SYNTHESIS OF COLLAGEN IN THE FIBROBLAST 144
THE SECRETORY PROCESS 145
COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS BY NON-SPECIALIZED CELLS 146
ORIGIN OF THE FIBROBLAST 148
PROTOCOLLAGEN HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY AND ITS RELATION TO COLLAGEN BIOSYNTHESIS 149
STUDIES OF COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS IN SOMATIC CELL HYBRIDS 150
POSSIBLE MUTANTS IN COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS 151
CONCLUDING REMARKS 151
REFERENCES 152
CHAPTER 11. ORGAN-SPECIFIC MASKING OF DNA IN DIFFERENTIATED CELLS 154
HOW IS TRANSCRIPTION REGULATED IN ANIMAL CELLS? 156
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 163
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 164
REFERENCES 164
CHAPTER 12. DEMONSTRATION AND ANALYSIS OF ORGAN SPECIFICITY OF TISSUE EXTRACTS BY RADIOACTIVE TRACER METHODS 166
SUMMARY 182
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 182
REFERENCES 182
CHAPTER 13. BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF a-CRYSTALLINS DURING LENS DEVELOPMENT 184
INTRODUCTION 184
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VERTEBRATE LENS CELL 185
ALPHA CRYSTALLIN SUBUNITS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH CELLULAR GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION 186
DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY 203
REFERENCES 205
CHAPTER 14. ETUDE MORPHODYNAMIQUE ET ULTRASTRUCTURALE DE LA STIMULATION LYMPHOCYTAIRE PAR LA PHYTO-HÉMAGGLUTININE 206
INTRODUCTION 206
MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODE 206
RESULTATS 209
DISCUSSION 230
RÉSUMÉ 238
REMERCIEMENTS 238
BIBLIOGRAPHIE 238
CHAPTER 15. 
240 
INTRODUCTION—CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION IN PROTOZOA 240
THE ANTIGEN SYSTEM OF PARAMECIUM AURELIA 241
CONCLUSION 250
REFERENCES 250
CHAPTER 16. POLYPLOIDY ALTERATIONS IN THE OUTER ORBITAL GLAND OF THE RAT AFTER REPEATED INJECTIONS OF HOMOLOGOUS HOMOGENATES 252
MATERIAL AND METHODS 254
SIZE AND WEIGHT OF THE ORGAN 256
NUCLEAR VOLUME CLASSES 256
MITOSES 259
HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES 260
CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION 266
SUMMARY 271
REFERENCES 272
AUTHOR INDEX 274
CONTENTS OF PREVIOUS VOLUMES 285