Ions and Light (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Ions and Light 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Contributors 10
Preface 12
Contents of Previous Volumes 14
Chapter 17. Flowing afterglow studies of ion reaction dynamics using infrared chemiluminescence and laser-induced fluorescence 16
I. INTRODUCTION 17
II. SURVEY OF OPTICAL TECHNIQUES 18
III. SURVEY OF THE FLOWING AFTERGLOW METHOD 22
IV. RECENT RESULTS OF PRODUCT STATE DISTRIBUTIONS OF THERMAL ENERGY ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS 33
V. CONCLUSION 51
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 52
REFERENCES 52
Chapter 18. Infrared photochemistry of gas phase ions 56
I. INTRODUCTION 57
II. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 60
III. MULTIPHOTON DISSOCIATION OF IONS WITH LOW-INTENSITY CW INFRARED RADIATION 63
IV. APPLICATIONS OF MULTIPHOTON DISSOCIATION 89
V. MULTIPHOTON ELECTRON DETACHMENT (MED) FROM NEGATIVE IONS 99
VI. SELECTIVE ENHANCEMENT OF BIMOLECULAR REACTION RATES USING LOW-INTENSITY CW LASER RADIATION 108
VII. PROGNOSIS 109
REFERENCES 110
Chapter 19. Photodissociation in beams: organic ions 114
I. INTRODUCTION 115
II. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES 116
III. DISTINGUISHING ISOMERIC IONS 119
IV. THE EFFECT ON COMPETING DISSOCIATION REACTIONS OF CHANGING THE PHOTOEXCITATION ENERGY 124
V. TRANSLATIONAL ENERGY RELEASED AND THE QET 128
VI. EFFECT OF SOURCE TEMPERATURE ON THE PHOTODISSOCIATION OF IONS 133
VII. PHOTODISSOCIATION OF IONS IN LOW-ENERGY BEAMS WITHIN A SECTORED MASS SPECTROMETER 138
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 142
REFERENCES 142
Chapter 20. Photodissociation in the ICR ion trap 144
I. INTRODUCTION 145
II. METHODS 145
III. SPECTROSCOPY AND ION STRUCTURES 148
IV. REARRANGEMENTS 164
V. FRAGMENTATION PRODUCTS 165
VI. RELAXATION STUDIES USING TWO-PHOTON DISSOCIATION 168
VII. TWO-PHOTON KINETICS AND REARRANGEMENT PROCESSES 173
VIII. IR-VISIBLE TWO-LASER PHOTODISSOCIATION 175
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 179
REFERENCES 179
Chapter 21. Electron photodetachment from gas phase molecular anions 182
I. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 183
II. OPTICAL PHOTODETACHMENT 184
III. INFRARED MULTIPHOTON-INDUCED ELECTRON DETACHMENT 207
IV. SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTALLY MEASURED MOLECULAR ELECTRON AFFINITIES 214
V. SUMMARY 222
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 222
REFERENCES 222
Chapter 22. Photodetachment in negative ion beams 228
I. INTRODUCTION 229
II. THRESHOLD PHOTODETACHMENT 231
III. ULTRAHIGH RESOLUTION PHOTODETACHMENT 239
IV. PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY OF MOLECULAR IONS 245
V. ATOMIC ELECTRON AFFINITIES 256
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 260
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 261
REFERENCES 261
Chapter 23. Electronically chemiluminescent ion–molecule exchange reactions 264
I. INTRODUCTION 265
II. EXPERIMENT AND ANALYSIS 271
III. SELECTED RESULTS 280
IV. CONCLUSIONS 319
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 321
REFERENCES 321
Chapter 24. The emission of light from excited products of charge exchange reactions 324
I. INTRODUCTION 324
II. EXPERIMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 327
III. ION-ATOM SYSTEMS 333
IV. ION-MOLECULE SYSTEMS 353
V. SUMMARY 368
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 369
REFERENCES 369
Chapter 25. Relaxation dynamics of open-shell cations studied by photoelectron-photon coincidence spectroscopy 372
I. INTRODUCTION 373
II. PHOTOELECTRON-PHOTON COINCIDENCE EXPERIMENT 375
III. INTRAMOLECULAR RELAXATION OF OPEN-SHELL CATIONS: MODEL THEORIES 380
IV. EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS 384
V. SUMMARY 404
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 404
REFERENCES 404
Chapter 26. Spectroscopy and structure of thehydrogen molecular ion 408
I. INTRODUCTION 408
II. HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE THEORY 409
III. PRESENT STATE OF THE THEORY 414
IV. PHOTOELECTRON, PHOTOIONIZATION, AND PHOTODISSOCIATION SPECTROSCOPY 439
V. RADIO-FREQUENCY SPECTROSCOPY 444
VI. ION BEAM SPECTROSCOPY 447
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 455
REFERENCES 455
Index 458