Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements (eBook)
146 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-4931-8 (ISBN)
The use of nuclear techniques in determining trace concentrations of actinides has led to the inclusion of chapters dealing with nuclear instrumentation and nuclear methods. Topics discussed include the preliminary treatment of samples; separations; emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry; electrochemical, x-ray, and fluorimetric methods; isotopic analysis of uranium and some other actinides; and non-instrumental methods. Thus, the analytical chemist, if he is not already familiar with these techniques, is indoctrinated in a basic amount of nucleonics, to aid him in analyzing unusual materials with unusual techniques.
Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements presents a number of pertinent techniques for the analysis of actinides and provides sufficient information to guide the analyst in modifying procedures to meet special situations. The book begins with an introductory chapter on the discovery of elements 89-103, their oxidation state, and their electronic configuration. Information is provided on the safe handling of radioactive materials (all actinides are radioactive). The use of nuclear techniques in determining trace concentrations of actinides has led to the inclusion of chapters dealing with nuclear instrumentation and nuclear methods. Topics discussed include the preliminary treatment of samples; separations; emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry; electrochemical, x-ray, and fluorimetric methods; isotopic analysis of uranium and some other actinides; and non-instrumental methods. Thus, the analytical chemist, if he is not already familiar with these techniques, is indoctrinated in a basic amount of nucleonics, to aid him in analyzing unusual materials with unusual techniques.
Front Cover 1
Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 8
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 9
DISCOVERY OF ELEMENTS 89–103 10
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION AND OXIDATION STATE OF ELEMENTS 89–103 11
OCCURRENCE OF ACTINIDE ELEMENTS 11
SAFETY PRACTICES FOR HANDLING ACTINIDES 12
REFERENCES 14
CHAPTER II. NUCLEAR PROPERTIES AND
20
REFERENCES 22
CHAPTER III. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION 23
IONIZATION OF A GAS 23
PRODUCTION OF LIGHT IN PHOSPHORS 25
IONIZATION IN SOLIDS ( SOLID STATE DETECTORS) 26
DARKENING OF PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS 29
PULSE HEIGHT ANALYSIS 29
REFERENCES 30
CHAPTER IV. PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF SAMPLES 32
DECOMPOSITION OF MINERALS, ORES & SANDS
DISSOLUTION OF METALS, ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 35
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTINIDES 35
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTINIDES 35
REFERENCES 37
CHAPTER V. SEPARATIONS 38
PRECIPITATION SEPARATIONS 40
SEPARATION BY ELECTROLYSIS 41
SEPARATION BY VOLATILIZATION 41
SEPARATION BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION 41
ION EXCHANGE SEPARATIONS 43
MISCELLANEOUS CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS 48
REFERENCES 49
CHAPTER VI.NUCLEAR METHODS 51
RADIOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACTINIDES 51
NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS 57
EMULSION TECHNIQUES 61
DETERMINATION OF FISSIONABLE MATERIALSBY FISSION COUNTING 62
TRACER TECHNIQUES 62
GAMMA-RAY ABSORPTIOMETER 62
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF ACTINIDESIN TRACE QUANTITIES 64
REFERENCES 64
CHAPTER VII. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS 66
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URANIUM 66
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THORIUM 67
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PLUTONIUM 69
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS 69
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PROTACTINIUM 70
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACTINIUM 70
CHAPTER VIII. EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY 71
ANALYSIS BY EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 71
SPECTROGRAPHIC DETERMINATI OF IN URANIUMIN ORES 73
MASS SPECTROMETRY 74
REFERENCES 75
CHAPTER IX. ELECTROCHEMICAL, X-RAY
77
COULOMETRY 77
AMPEROMETRIC TITRATIONS 78
POLAROGRAPHIC METHODS 79
X-RAY METHODS OF ANALYSIS 81
FLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URANIUM 84
REFERENCES 86
CHAPTER X. NON-INSTRUMENTAL METHODS 89
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS 89
TITRIMETRIC METHODS 92
REFERENCES 97
CHAPTER XI. ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF URANIUM
98
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY 99
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 100
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSISBY ALPHA SPECTROMETRY 102
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY GAMMA SPECTROMETRY 103
DETERMINATION OF U235 BY FISSION COUNTING 105
DETERMINATION OF U285BY FISSION PRODUCT ANALYSIS 106
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY DELAYED NEUTRON COUNTING 107
ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF OTHER ACTINIDES 107
REFERENCES 108
CHAPTER XII. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS 111
HIGH FREQUENCY TITRIMETRY 111
PHOTOSENSITIZED REACTIONS 111
REFERENCES 115
APPENDIX A: NUCLEAR DATA ON ACTINIDES 117
APPENDIX B: THE RADIOACTIVE SERIES 129
APPENDIX C: THERMAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION AND FISSION
132
APPENDIX D: LABORATORY STANDARDS 136
APPENDIX E: STANDARD OXIDATION POTENTIALS OF ACTINIDES 139
APPENDIX F: ABBREVIATIONS 141
APPENDIX G: LIST OF GENERAL REFERENCES 142
Subject Index 145
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 22.10.2013 |
---|---|
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Analytische Chemie |
Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Anorganische Chemie | |
Technik | |
ISBN-10 | 1-4831-4931-5 / 1483149315 |
ISBN-13 | 978-1-4831-4931-8 / 9781483149318 |
Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
![PDF](/img/icon_pdf_big.jpg)
Größe: 13,1 MB
Kopierschutz: Adobe-DRM
Adobe-DRM ist ein Kopierschutz, der das eBook vor Mißbrauch schützen soll. Dabei wird das eBook bereits beim Download auf Ihre persönliche Adobe-ID autorisiert. Lesen können Sie das eBook dann nur auf den Geräten, welche ebenfalls auf Ihre Adobe-ID registriert sind.
Details zum Adobe-DRM
Dateiformat: PDF (Portable Document Format)
Mit einem festen Seitenlayout eignet sich die PDF besonders für Fachbücher mit Spalten, Tabellen und Abbildungen. Eine PDF kann auf fast allen Geräten angezeigt werden, ist aber für kleine Displays (Smartphone, eReader) nur eingeschränkt geeignet.
Systemvoraussetzungen:
PC/Mac: Mit einem PC oder Mac können Sie dieses eBook lesen. Sie benötigen eine
eReader: Dieses eBook kann mit (fast) allen eBook-Readern gelesen werden. Mit dem amazon-Kindle ist es aber nicht kompatibel.
Smartphone/Tablet: Egal ob Apple oder Android, dieses eBook können Sie lesen. Sie benötigen eine
Geräteliste und zusätzliche Hinweise
Buying eBooks from abroad
For tax law reasons we can sell eBooks just within Germany and Switzerland. Regrettably we cannot fulfill eBook-orders from other countries.
aus dem Bereich