Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Analytical Chemistry of the Actinide Elements 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 8
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 9
DISCOVERY OF ELEMENTS 89–103 10
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION AND OXIDATION STATE OF ELEMENTS 89–103 11
OCCURRENCE OF ACTINIDE ELEMENTS 11
SAFETY PRACTICES FOR HANDLING ACTINIDES 12
REFERENCES 14
CHAPTER II. NUCLEAR PROPERTIES AND 
20 
REFERENCES 22
CHAPTER III. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION 23
IONIZATION OF A GAS 23
PRODUCTION OF LIGHT IN PHOSPHORS 25
IONIZATION IN SOLIDS ( SOLID STATE DETECTORS) 26
DARKENING OF PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS 29
PULSE HEIGHT ANALYSIS 29
REFERENCES 30
CHAPTER IV. PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF SAMPLES 32
DECOMPOSITION OF MINERALS, ORES & SANDS
DISSOLUTION OF METALS, ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 35
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTINIDES 35
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTINIDES 35
REFERENCES 37
CHAPTER V. SEPARATIONS 38
PRECIPITATION SEPARATIONS 40
SEPARATION BY ELECTROLYSIS 41
SEPARATION BY VOLATILIZATION 41
SEPARATION BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION 41
ION EXCHANGE SEPARATIONS 43
MISCELLANEOUS CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS 48
REFERENCES 49
CHAPTER VI.NUCLEAR METHODS 51
RADIOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACTINIDES 51
NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS 57
EMULSION TECHNIQUES 61
DETERMINATION OF FISSIONABLE MATERIALSBY FISSION COUNTING 62
TRACER TECHNIQUES 62
GAMMA-RAY ABSORPTIOMETER 62
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF ACTINIDESIN TRACE QUANTITIES 64
REFERENCES 64
CHAPTER VII. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS 66
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URANIUM 66
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THORIUM 67
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PLUTONIUM 69
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS 69
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PROTACTINIUM 70
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACTINIUM 70
CHAPTER VIII. EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY 71
ANALYSIS BY EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 71
SPECTROGRAPHIC DETERMINATI OF IN URANIUMIN ORES 73
MASS SPECTROMETRY 74
REFERENCES 75
CHAPTER IX. ELECTROCHEMICAL, X-RAY 
77 
COULOMETRY 77
AMPEROMETRIC TITRATIONS 78
POLAROGRAPHIC METHODS 79
X-RAY METHODS OF ANALYSIS 81
FLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URANIUM 84
REFERENCES 86
CHAPTER X. NON-INSTRUMENTAL METHODS 89
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS 89
TITRIMETRIC METHODS 92
REFERENCES 97
CHAPTER XI. ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF URANIUM 
98 
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY 99
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 100
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSISBY ALPHA SPECTROMETRY 102
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY GAMMA SPECTROMETRY 103
DETERMINATION OF U235 BY FISSION COUNTING 105
DETERMINATION OF U285BY FISSION PRODUCT ANALYSIS 106
ISOTOPIC URANIUM ANALYSIS BY DELAYED NEUTRON COUNTING 107
ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF OTHER ACTINIDES 107
REFERENCES 108
CHAPTER XII. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS 111
HIGH FREQUENCY TITRIMETRY 111
PHOTOSENSITIZED REACTIONS 111
REFERENCES 115
APPENDIX A: NUCLEAR DATA ON ACTINIDES 117
APPENDIX B: THE RADIOACTIVE SERIES 129
APPENDIX C: THERMAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION AND FISSION 
132 
APPENDIX D: LABORATORY STANDARDS 136
APPENDIX E: STANDARD OXIDATION POTENTIALS OF ACTINIDES 139
APPENDIX F: ABBREVIATIONS 141
APPENDIX G: LIST OF GENERAL REFERENCES 142
Subject Index 145