Synopsis of Physiology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
A Synopsis of Physiology 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
PREFACE 6
CHAPTER I. CHEMISTRY 10
AMINO-ACIDS ENTERING INTO PROTEINS. 10
TESTS FOR PROTEIN 11
VARIETIES OF PROTEIN 11
THE MONOSACCHARIDES 13
THE POLYSACCHARIDES 14
LIPOCHROMES 15
CHAPTER II· BLOOD, LYMPH, AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 16
THE BLOOD 16
THE LYMPH 35
THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 38
CHAPTER III. THE HEART 40
1. ENDOCARDIUM 40
2. CARDIAC MUSCLE 40
3. PERICARDIUM 40
CHAPTER IV. THE CIRCULATION 48
ARTERIES 48
METHODS OF DETERMINING BLOOD-PRESSURE IN 49
METHODS OF DETERMINING BLOOD-PRESSURE IN 49
FACTORS REGULATING BLOOD-PRESSURE 50
VASOCONSTRICTOR NERVES 51
FUNCTION OF CAPILLARIES 53
CHAPTER V. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 55
TRACHEA 55
BRONCHI 55
ALVEOLI 55
EXPIRATION 55
RESIDUAL AIR 56
MINIMAL AIR 56
VENTILATION 57
RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT 58
ZUNTZ AND LOEWY'S METHOD OF CALCULATION 58
DETERMINATION OF TENSION OF GASES IN THE 60
CHAPTER VI. VOICE 68
Laryngoscope 68
Voice Production 68
Nerve-supply of Larynx 68
CHAPTER VII. MOVEMENTS OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL 70
MASTICATION 70
THE STOMACH 72
THE SMALL INTESTINE 74
THE LARGE INTESTINE 77
CHAPTER VIII. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 79
ENZYMES 79
SALIVARY GLANDS 79
THE STOMACH AND ITS SECRETION 82
PANCREATIC DIGESTION 86
SUCCUS ENTERICUS 88
THE BILE 89
ABSORPTION 92
BACTERIAL DIGESTION 94
CHAPTER IX. THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS 96
THE THYROID GLAND 96
THE PARATHYROID GLANDS 99
THE PITUITARY GLAND 100
THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS 103
THE THYMUS 107
THE PINEAL BODY 107
CHAPTER X. THE SPLEEN 108
CHAPTER XI. THE KIDNEY AND EXCRETION OF URINE. THE KIDNEY AND ITS FUNCTIONS 111
MICTURITION 116
THE URINE 118
CHAPTER XII. METABOLISM. DIET- GROWTH. THE LIVER 131
METABOLISM OF PROTEINS 133
PURIN METABOLISM 135
METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES 137
METABOLISM OF FAT 142
DIET AND DIETETICS 144
FACTORS CONTROLLING GROWTH 147
THE LIVER AND ITS FUNCTIONS 148
CHAPTER XIII. BONE 150
Chemistry 150
Histology 150
CHAPTER XIV. SKIN. BODY TEMPERATURE 154
SKIN 154
BODY TEMPERATURE 156
CHAPTER XV. MUSCLE 159
CHAPTER XVI. NERVE 167
Histology of a Nerve-fibre 167
Function of Myelin Sheath 167
Chemistry of Nervous Tissue 167
Methods of Artificial Stimulation of Nerve 168
Reaction of Degeneration 169
Results of Section of a Mixed Nerve 169
CHAPTER XVII. THE SPINAL CORD: STRUCTURE OF CORD AND CONDUCTION OF NERVE IMPULSES 176
Grey Matter 176
White Matter 176
Central Canal 176
Arrangement of Cells in Grey Matter 177
Main Sensory Neuron 179
Methods of Tracing Tracts in Spinal Cord 184
Spinal Man : Results of Complete Section of Spinal 192
CHAPTER XVIII. THE BRAIN 194
THE CEREBELLUM 194
THE CEREBRUM 197
PHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP 205
CHAPTER XIX. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 212
1. TRUE SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM 212
2. PARASYMPATHETIC SYSTEM 215
CHAPTER XX. SMELL AND TASTE 217
SMELL 217
TASTE 218
CHAPTER XXI. HEARING AND EQUILIBRATION. EXTERNAL EAR. 220
MIDDLE EAR OR TYMPANUM 220
INTERNAL EAR 222
VESTIBULE AND SEMICIRCULAR CANALS: EQUILIBRATION 226
CHAPTER XXII. SIGHT 230
Movements of the Eye 230
Binoclar Vision 230
Results of 3rd-Nerve Paralysis 230
Result of 6th-Nerve Paralysis 230
Cornea 230
Vitreous Humour 231
Accommodation 232
Defects of Accommodation 234
Judgement of Solidity 235
Retina 235
Colour Vision 239
Central Connections of Vision 241
CHAPTER XXIII. CUTANEOUS, MUSCULAR, AND VISCERAL SENSATION 244
1. PLEXUS 244
2. PACINIAN CORPUSCLES 244
3. MEISSNER'S CORPUSCLES 244
4. END-BULBS OF KRAUSE 244
CHAPTER XXIV. REPRODUCTION. MALE GENITAL ORGANS 249
REPRODUCTION IN THE FEMALE 251
LACTATION 
256 
HERMAPHRODITISM 257
INDEX 258
JOHN WRIGHT & SONS LTD., PUBLISHERS, BRISTOL