Sleep disorder is a rampant problem in the US, with over 40 million Americans currently diagnosed according to the NIH. There is a clear association between sleep disorder and a wide range of other human disorders -performance deficiencies, psychiatric illnesses, heart disease, obesity and more - but in spite of this there is not yet a convenient overview on the market detailing the impact of obesity, age, diabetes and diet on sleep duration and attendant health outcomes. This volume focuses on the interaction between sleep and these factors, with special attention being paid to the potential for neurological modulation of sleep via diet. The volume aid readers in understanding the role each of these factors plays in sleep architecture and its regulation by circadian biology and neurology. - Aids in understanding the impact of age, diet, obesity and disease on sleep- Offers focus on neurological changes that affect metabolism- Explores diabetes induced sleep problems- Aid to understanding the multifactorial causes of age-related sleep dysfunction- Addresses selected studies of nutraceuticals affecting sleep for potential application clinically- Discusses major impact on sleep disorders by caffeine and alcohol
Front Cover 1
Modulation of Sleep by
4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Contributors 14
Acknowledgments 18
Part I - Mechanisms of Sleep
20
Chapter 1 - Diet, Age, and Sleep in Invertebrate Model Organisms 22
INTRODUCTION 22
HOW DO WE KNOW THAT THE ANIMAL IS SLEEPING? 22
DIFFERENT WAYS TO EVALUATE SLEEP 23
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN ECOLOGICAL NICHE AND SLEEP BEHAVIOR 23
EFFECTS OF DIET ON SLEEP 24
EFFECTS OF DISEASE AND AGE ON SLEEP 26
EFFECTS OF SLEEP ON FEEDING AND DISEASE 27
SUMMARY 27
REFERENCES 27
Chapter 2 - The Role of Sleep in the Control of Feeding Behavior 30
INTRODUCTION 30
EFFECT OF SLEEP RESTRICTION ON HUNGER AND FOOD INTAKE 31
NEUROENDOCRINE CONTROL OF FOOD INTAKE AND SLEEP DURATION 31
SLEEP RESTRICTION AND FOOD CHOICE 33
CONCLUSIONS 34
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 34
REFERENCES 34
Chapter 3 - Diagnosis and Treatment of Shift Work Disorder 36
INTRODUCTION 36
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS 36
SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSIS OF SWD 37
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF SWD 38
CONSEQUENCES OF SWD 38
TREATMENT 38
SUMMARY 41
REFERENCES 41
Chapter 4 - Normal Sleep and Its Neurophysiological Regulation 44
NORMAL SLEEP PATTERN OVER THE NIGHT 44
SLEEP IS REGULATED BY CIRCADIAN AND HOMEOSTATIC MECHANISMS 46
SLEEP AND AGING 47
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP 47
SLEEP MECHANISMS AND THE CIRCADIAN CLOCK 50
CONCLUSION 50
REFERENCES 50
Chapter 5 - The 1-2-3s of Pediatric Sleep Disorders 52
INTRODUCTION 52
NORMAL SLEEP PHYSIOLOGY 52
INSUFFICIENT SLEEP SYNDROME 53
SLEEP HISTORY/PHYSICAL EXAMINATION 53
DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR PEDIATRIC SLEEP DISORDERS 54
BEHAVIORAL INSOMNIA OF CHILDHOOD 54
PARASOMNIAS 55
CIRCADIAN RHYTHM DISORDERS—DELAYED SLEEP PHASE SYNDROME 56
RHYTHMIC MOVEMENT DISORDERS 57
PERIODIC LIMB MOVEMENT DISORDER 57
SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING 57
HYPERSOMNIA/NARCOLEPSY 58
SUMMARY 59
REFERENCES 59
Chapter 6 - Sleep Disturbances, Body Mass Index, and Eating Behavior 62
INTRODUCTION 62
STUDIES EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF SLEEP DIFFICULTIES ON THE MODULATION OF EATING DISTURBANCES/BMI 63
STUDIES EXPLORING EATING BEHAVIOR DISTURBANCES/BMI EFFECT ON MODULATION OF SLEEP DIFFICULTIES 64
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES IN GENERAL POPULATION SUBJECTS EXPLORING THE BIDIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP AND EATING DISTURBANCE... 69
BODY MASS INDEX VERSUS EATING BEHAVIOR DISTURBANCES ASSOCIATIONS WITH SLEEP 70
POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF ASSOCIATION 71
DISCUSSION 74
REFERENCES 76
Part II - Obesity and Sleep Apnea 80
Chapter 7 - Neurocognitive Functions in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome 82
OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA HYPOPNEA SYNDROME 82
NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONS 82
NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN UNTREATED OSA PATIENTS 83
NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONS BEFORE AND AFTER CPAP TREATMENT 83
NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OSA PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED DIFFERENT MODES OF TREATMENT 84
NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AFTER CPAP WITHDRAWAL 85
DOES TREATING SLEEP APNEA IMPROVE NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTION? 85
CONCLUSION 86
REFERENCES 86
Chapter 8 - Adipose Tissue in Sleep Apnea: Effects of Hypoxia and Inflammation 88
INTRODUCTION 88
HYPOXIA AND INFLAMMATION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE 88
EFFECTS OF INTERMITTENT OR CONTINUOUS HYPOXIA 91
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS 92
CONCLUSIONS 93
REFERENCES 93
Chapter 9 - Exercise, Diet, and Obese Adolescents: Association with Sleep Deprivation 96
SLEEP HABITS IN ADOLESCENTS 96
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP HABITS AND OBESITY 97
ENERGY INTAKE, SLEEP, AND OBESITY 98
ENERGY EXPENDITURE, SLEEP, AND OBESITY 99
CONCLUSION 100
REFERENCES 100
Chapter 10 - Sleep and Hypoxemia in Adults 104
REFERENCES 108
Chapter 11 - Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome 110
INTRODUCTION 110
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE DEVELOPMENT OF OHS 110
CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES OF OHS 114
TREATMENT MODALITIES AND OUTCOMES 114
CONCLUSION 116
REFERENCES 117
Chapter 12 - Sleep, Sexual Function, and Testosterone 120
PITUITARY–GONADAL AXIS 120
PITUITARY–GONADAL AXIS DURING SLEEP IN HEALTHY MALES 121
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION 121
ROLE OF SLEEP IN SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION 123
CONCLUSION 125
REFERENCES 125
Chapter 13 - The Malignant Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome 128
INTRODUCTION 128
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 128
CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH 130
MANAGEMENT 132
REFERENCES 133
Chapter 14 - Obesity, Inflammation, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Exercise as Therapy 136
INTRODUCTION 136
OBESITY AS A MAIN RISK FACTOR FOR OSA 136
THE VICIOUS CYCLE BETWEEN OBESITY AND OSA 137
INFLAMMATION: A COMMON LINK BETWEEN OBESITY AND OSA 138
OSA AND OBESITY-RELATED DISORDERS 139
EFFECTS OF EXERCISES AND NUTRITION ON THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY AND OSA 140
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 142
REFERENCES 142
Chapter 15 - Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Normal-Weight and Obese Patients 146
WHAT CAUSES OSAS IN NORMAL-WEIGHT PATIENTS? 146
WHAT CAUSES OSAS IN OBESE PATIENTS? 147
DIFFERENCES IN THE NATURE OF OSAS IN NORMAL-WEIGHT AND OBESE PATIENTS 148
CONSEQUENCES OF OSAS IN OBESE AND NORMAL-WEIGHT PATIENTS 149
THERAPY OF OSAS IN OBESE AND NONOBESE PATIENTS 150
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 152
REFERENCES 152
Part III - Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep
156
Chapter 16 - Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Profiles and Relationships 158
TERMINOLOGY OF SLEEP APNEA 158
THE METABOLIC SYNDROME 158
PRIMARY SNORING 159
AIRWAY PHYSIOLOGY IN OBESITY 159
PULMONARY VASCULATURE 161
THE OBESITY HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME 161
THE OVERLAP SYNDROME: COPD AND OSA 161
CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY 162
HYPERTENSION 162
ARRHYTHMIAS 163
CONUNDRUMS 164
CONCLUSIONS 166
REFERENCES 166
Chapter 17 - Circadian Misalignment and Metabolic Consequences: Shiftwork and Altered Meal Times 174
OVERVIEW 174
MISALIGNED CLOCKS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES—MECHANISMS 175
MISALIGNED CLOCKS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES—EVIDENCE 178
SUMMARY 181
REFERENCES 181
Chapter 18 - Role of Sympathetic Nervous System in the Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Apnea 184
INTRODUCTION 184
THE METABOLIC SYNDROME: THE “ACTORS” 184
HYPERTENSION 185
OBESITY 186
SYMPATHETIC ACTIVATION IN THE METABOLIC SYNDROME 186
THE HYPERADRENERGIC TONE IN SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME 187
MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SYMPATHETIC ABNORMALITIES 189
SYMPATHETIC ACTIVATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK 190
THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS 190
REFERENCES 192
Chapter 19 - Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Metabolic Syndrome: Pathophysiological and Clinical Evidence 196
INTRODUCTION 196
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OSAS 196
OSAS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 196
DEFINITION AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF METS 197
OSAS AND METS 197
OSAS AND CENTRAL OBESITY 198
OSAS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION 198
OSAS, INSULIN RESISTANCE AND DIABETES 199
OSAS AND ATHEROGENIC DYSLIPIDEMIA 199
OSAS AND INFLAMMATION 199
OSAS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS 199
OSAS AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION 200
CPAP AND METS 200
CONCLUSIONS 201
REFERENCES 201
Chapter 20 - Sleep Deprivation and Metabolic Syndrome 204
INTRODUCTION 204
SD AND HYPERTENSION 204
SLEEP LOSS AND GLUCOSE METABOLISM 206
SD AND OBESITY 208
CONCLUSIONS 209
REFERENCES 209
Chapter 21 - Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Age, Sleep, Mood, and Metabolic Modulation 212
INTRODUCTION 212
DEFINITION 212
SLEEP 213
MOOD 214
METABOLISM 215
PUBLIC HEALTH AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS 217
REFERENCES 218
Chapter 22 - The Metabolic Role of Saturated and Monounsaturated Dietary Fatty Acids: Their Contribution to Obesity, Brain Activity, and Sleep Behavior 222
METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES DURING OBESITY 222
INSULIN ACTION IN THE BRAIN 223
BRAIN INSULIN RESISTANCE 223
FATTY ACID SIGNALING THROUGH RECEPTORS 223
IMPACT OF FAT ON GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS 224
FAT QUALITY CORRELATES WITH INSULIN SENSITIVITY 225
CONSEQUENCES OF IMPAIRED SLEEP BEHAVIOR ON METABOLISM 225
METABOLIC SLEEP DISTURBANCES 226
REFERENCES 227
Part IV - Sleep and Diabetes 230
Chapter 23 - Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetic Microvascular Complications 232
INTRODUCTION 232
THE PATHOGENESIS OF DIABETIC MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS 233
WHY MIGHT OSA CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS? 234
OSA AND DIABETIC MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS 237
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 238
REFERENCES 238
Chapter 24 - Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increases Hemoglobin A1c Levels: Mechanisms and Consequences 244
INTRODUCTION 244
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OSA SEVERITY AND HBA1C LEVELS IN OSA PATIENTS 244
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OSA SEVERITY AND HBA1C LEVELS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS 245
EFFECT OF CPAP ON HBA1C LEVELS 246
MECHANISMS FOR THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF OSA ON GLUCOSE METABOLISM 248
CONCLUSIONS 248
REFERENCES 248
Part V - Aging and Sleep Deprivation 252
Chapter 25 - Restless Legs Syndrome (Willis–Ekbom Disease) and Gastrointestinal Diseases 254
INTRODUCTION 254
GENERAL DISCUSSION OF SMALL-INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH 255
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH RLS 256
DIETARY TRIGGERS FOR RLS AND FOR RLS ASSOCIATED WITH CELIAC DISEASE AND SIBO 259
CONCLUSIONS 259
REFERENCES 259
Chapter 26 - Relationship between Circadian Rhythms, Feeding, and Obesity 262
GENERAL INTRODUCTION 262
CIRCADIAN DISRUPTION AND OBESITY 264
TIMING OF FEEDING 267
SUMMARY 269
REFERENCES 269
Chapter 27 - The Effects of Nutrition on Sleep and Sleep Complaints among Elderly Persons 274
INTRODUCTION 274
MECHANISMS OF SLEEP 274
NUTRITION AND SLEEP PROBLEMS AMONG ELDERLY PERSONS 275
REFERENCES 280
Chapter 28 - Fragmented Sleep and Memory Consolidation 282
SLEEP ARCHITECTURE 282
DISORDERS OF SLEEP ARCHITECTURE 283
STUDYING SLEEP CONTINUITY 283
THE FUNCTIONS OF SLEEP 284
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF SLEEP FRAGMENTATION 285
SUMMARY 287
REFERENCES 287
Chapter 29 - Sleepiness at the Wheel and Countermeasures: Effects of Caffeine, Napping, and Blue Light 290
INTRODUCTION 290
LACK OF SLEEP AND ACCIDENTS 290
SHIFT WORK AND ACCIDENTS 291
COUNTERMEASURES 292
CONCLUSION 294
REFERENCES 294
Chapter 30 - Sleep Deprivation and Behavioral Risk-Taking 298
SIMPLE INATTENTION 299
LACK OF AWARENESS OF DEFICITS 299
REDUCED INHIBITORY CAPACITY 299
SUBJECTIVE RISK-TAKING PROPENSITY 300
BEHAVIORAL RISK-TAKING 301
CONCLUSIONS 304
REFERENCES 305
Part VI - Food, Nutrients, and Dietary
308
Chapter 31 - Relation between Magnesium Deficiency and Sleep Disorders and Associated Pathological Changes 310
INTRODUCTION 310
MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY IN HUMANS 310
BIOCHEMICAL BASIS FOR MAGNESIUM AFFECTING SLEEP 311
MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY AND SLEEP DISORDERS 312
SUMMARY/CONCLUSION 314
REFERENCES 314
Chapter 32 - Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Sleep Apnea and Obesity 316
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 316
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN SLEEP APNEA AND OBESITY 316
SEDENTARY TIME 317
CORRELATES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY TIME 317
HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY TIME 318
SUMMARY 318
REFERENCES 318
Chapter 33 - Oxidative Stress in Sleep Apnea 322
SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME 322
OXIDATIVE STRESS 323
SAS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS 323
CLINICAL STUDIES ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SAS 324
THE EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS 325
CONCLUSION 326
REFERENCES 326
Part VII - Alcohol and Sleep Dysfunction 330
Chapter 34 - Sleep in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders 332
INTRODUCTION 332
CHARACTERIZING SLEEP PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN WITH FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS 332
CHARACTERIZING SLEEP DISRUPTION IN MODELS OF PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE 333
MECHANISTIC LINKS BETWEEN PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE AND SLEEP DIFFICULTIES 333
SLEEP PROBLEMS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK 334
IMPACT OF SLEEP DIFFICULTIES ON DAYTIME FUNCTION 334
IMPACT OF SLEEP DIFFICULTIES ON CAREGIVER FUNCTION 335
CONCLUSION 335
REFERENCES 336
Chapter 35 - Adenosine and Glutamate in Neuroglial Interaction: Implications for Sleep Disorders and Alcoholism 340
INTRODUCTION 340
PURINERGIC REGULATION OF HOMEOSTATIC SLEEP BY ASTROCYTES 341
ADENOSINERGIC MODULATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS 341
LOW ADENOSINE TONE IN ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL-INDUCED INSOMNIA 342
REGULATION OF ALCOHOL DRINKING BY ADENOSINE AND GLUTAMATE IN NEUROGLIAL INTERACTION 342
EAAT2 AS A TREATMENT TARGET FOR ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS 342
CONCLUSIONS 343
CONFLICT OF INTEREST 343
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 343
REFERENCES 343
Chapter 36 - Sleep Quality and Risk of Alcohol Misuse 348
SLEEP AND ALCOHOL USE: ACUTE EFFECTS 348
SLEEP AND ALCOHOL USE: BEHAVIORAL RISKS 349
CONSIDERATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 351
REFERENCES 352
Chapter 37 - Sleep and Addictions: Linking Sleep Regulation with the Genesis of Addictive Behavior 356
INTRODUCTION 356
SLEEP PATTERNS 356
MECHANISMS OF ADDICTION 359
LINKING SLEEP AND SLEEP DIFFICULTY WITH ADDICTION PATHWAYS 361
SLEEP, PLASTICITY, AND ADDICTIONS.TYING IT ALL TOGETHER 362
CONCLUDING REMARKS 363
REFERENCES 363
Chapter 38 - Alcohol and Sleep-Disordered Breathing 368
INTRODUCTION 368
PATIENT-BASED STUDIES 368
POPULATION-BASED STUDIES 369
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND SDB BY BMI SUBGROUPS 370
CONCLUSION 370
REFERENCES 370
Chapter 39 - Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Sleep in Shiftworkers 372
SHIFTWORK, SLEEP, AND HEALTH 372
ALCOHOL AND HEALTH 373
ALCOHOL AND SLEEP 374
ALCOHOL AND SHIFTWORK 375
REFERENCES 380
Part VIII - Surgery 384
Chapter 40 - The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Obstructive Sleep Apnea 386
OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA: DEFINITION AND CLINICAL FEATURES 386
OBESITY AND SLEEP APNEA 387
BARIATRIC SURGERY: THE PRESENT STATE 388
IMPACT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA 390
THE KEY TO TREATING OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA WITH BARIATRIC SURGERY 391
REFERENCES 392
Chapter 41 - Preoperative, Perioperative, and Postoperative Considerations in the Bariatric Surgery Patient with Sleep Apnea 394
OBESITY AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA 394
PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT 395
PERIOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS 395
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS 396
EFFECT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON OSA 397
REFERENCES 398
Index 400
Contributors
Q.A. Altaf
Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Francesco Angelico, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Enrique Calvo Ayala, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
Siobhan Banks, Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Francesco Baratta, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Kelly G. Baron, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Maria Rosaria Bonsignore
Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (DiBiMIS), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Palermo, Italy
Susan L. Calhoun, Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
Violeta Alejandra Castaño-Meneses, Clínica de Trastornos del Dormir, Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, INCMNSZ, México City, México
Alessandra Castrogiovanni, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (DiBiMIS), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Peter Celec
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
Institute of Pathophysiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
Department of Molecular Biology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
Maida Lynn Chen, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
Alison Coates, Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Flávia C. Corgosinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Renzhe Cui, Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
Ana R. Dâmaso, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Alessandra Danese, Department of Neurological, Neuropsychological, Morphological and Movement Sciences, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
Maria Del Ben, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
Jillian Dorrian, Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Alfred Dreher, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich Germany
Dan Eisenberg, Department of Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine and Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Julio Fernandez-Mendoza, Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
Marta Garaulet, Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Guillermo García-Ramos, Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, INCMNSZ, México City, México
Purificación Gómez-Abellán, Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Crystal Grant, Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Guido Grassi, Clinica Medica, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Milan, Italy
Wendell A. Grogan, Kingwood Neurology and Sleep, Kingwood, TX, USA
Claudia Irene Gruttad’Auria, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (DiBiMIS), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Zeynep Güne?, School of Health, Adnan Menderes University, Ayd?n, Turkey
Ilana S. Hairston, School of Behavioral Sciences, Academic College of Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Israel
Fahed Hakim
Department of Immunology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
Ahmad O. Hammoud, M.P.H, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Hans-Ulrich Häring
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Disease, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen (IDM), Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Shelby Harris, Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program Sleep-Wake Disorder Center at the Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
Ashfaq Hasan, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences/Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
Georgina Heath, Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Július Hodosy
Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
Institute of Physiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
Winni F. Hofman, Department of Psychology, Brain and Cognition Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Heather E. Howe, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Helena Igelström, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Yuichi Inoue, Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Hiroyasu Iso, Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
Ashutosh Kaul, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
Shannon R. Kenney, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
William D.S. Killgore, Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
Yoko Komada, Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
B. Santhosh Kumar, Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Nancy Linford, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
António Macedo, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Anthony Maffei, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
Paul E. Marik, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
Anna Maria Marotta, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (DiBiMIS), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Oreste Marrone, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Palermo, Italy
Nobuhide Matsuoka, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY,...
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 14.9.2014 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Gesundheit / Leben / Psychologie ► Krankheiten / Heilverfahren |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe | |
| Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Innere Medizin ► Endokrinologie | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie | |
| Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Prävention / Gesundheitsförderung | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-12-420240-3 / 0124202403 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-12-420240-5 / 9780124202405 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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