Antibodies for Infectious Diseases

James E. Crowe, Jr. is an immunologist and board-certified pediatric infectious diseases specialist. Dr. Crowe is the Ann Scott Carell Chair and Professor of Pediatrics, Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, and Director of the Vanderbilt Vaccine Center. He is an Elected Member of the Institute of Medicine and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Microbiology, and the American Society for Clinical Investigation. Dr. Crowe's laboratory has a broad portfolio of work in the area of viral immunology and cell biology focused on discovery of the genetic and structural determinants of neutralization of viruses by human antibodies and immune mechanisms important to development of new vaccines. Diana Boraschi is the Research Director at the CNR Institute of Protein Biochemistry. She is actively involved in high education activities, in particular in Africa. Dr. Boraschi's studies focus on the role of macrophages and IL-1 cytokines in the innate/inflammatory response against infections and tumors and their possible involvement in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune pathologies. Rino Rappuoli is the Global Head of Research and Development at Novartis Vaccines. Dr. Rappuoli has worked on several molecules that became part of, or are near to becoming, licensed vaccines. He is an elected member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and of the European Molecular Biology Organization.

Contributors

Preface

Introduction

1 History and Practice: Antibodies in Infectious Diseases

General Features of Immunoglobulins

2 Functions of Antibodies

3 Antibody Structure

4 The Role of Complement in Antibody Therapy for Infectious Diseases

5 Immunoglobulin E and Allergy: Antibodies in Immune Inflammation and Treatment

Antibody Discovery Approaches

6 Phage and Yeast Display

7 Efficient Methods To Isolate Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Memory B Cells and Plasma Cells

8 Use of Human Hybridoma Technology To Isolate Human Monoclonal Antibodies

9 Humanized Mice for Studying Human Immune Responses and Generating Human Monoclonal Antibodies

10 Antibodies: Computer-Aided Prediction of Structure and Design of Function

Pathogen-Specific Antibodies

11 Antibodies Targeting the Envelope of HIV-1

12 Committing the Oldest Sins in the Newest Kind of Ways—Antibodies Targeting the Influenza Virus Type A Hemagglutinin Globular Head

13 Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: From Vaccine to Antibody

14 Human Metapneumovirus

15 Dengue Antibody-Dependent Enhancement: Knowns and Unknowns

16 Immunotherapeutic Approaches To Prevent Cytomegalovirus-Mediated Disease

17 Rotavirus

18 Bacterial Toxins—Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B

Technical Advances

19 Antibody Engineering

20 High-Throughput DNA Sequencing Analysis of Antibody Repertoires

21 Antibody Informatics: IMGT, the International ImMunoGeneTics Information System Strains

22 Probing Antibody-Antigen Interactions

23 Radiolabeled Antibodies for Therapy of Infectious Diseases

Alternate Systems for Expression

24 Plant-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies for Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Disease

25 Vector-Mediated In Vivo Antibody Expression

Index