Advances in Solar Energy

1 Advanced Materials and Device Analytical Techniques.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Volume Analysis.- 1.3 Surface Analysis Techniques.- 1.4 Electron Beam Induced Current and Voltage.- 1.5 Applications.- 1.6 Acknowledgements.- 1.7 References.- 2 Thermo Syphon Solar Energy Water Heaters.- 2.1 Abstract.- 2.2 Introduction.- 2.3 Historical Overview.- 2.4 Analytical Models of Thermosyphon Solar Energy Water Heaters.- 2.5 Experimental Investigations.- 2.6 Determination of Thermosyphonic Circulation Rate.- 2.7 Single and Multiple-Pass Modes of Operation.- 2.8 Withdrawal of Heated Water.- 2.9 Thermal Rectification.- 2.10 Compact Natural-Circulation, Solar-Energy Water Heaters.- 2.11 Indirect Thermosyphon Solar Water Heaters.- 2.12 Architectural Integration.- 2.13 Comparison of Thermosyphons with Other Types of Solar Water Heaters.- 2.14 Testing Methods.- 2.15 Thermosyphon Hydronic Cooling.- 2.16 Conclusion.- 2.17 Acknowledgements.- 2.18 References.- 3 Passive Solar Energy for Non-Residential Buildings - Performance Overview.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Energy Performance.- 3.3 Economics.- 3.4 Occupancy.- 3.5 Results and Implications of Select Design Strategies.- 3.6 Conclusions.- 3.7 Acknowledgments.- 3.8 Appendix.- 3.9 References.- 4 Physics of Solar Selective Surfaces.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Selective Solar Absorbers.- 4.3 The Emissivity of Metals.- 4.4 Solar Selective Reflectors.- 4.5 Solar Selective Absorbers.- 4.6 Use of Optical Effects in Selective Surface.- 4.7 Conclusions.- 4.8 Acknowledgement.- 4.9 References.- 5 Natural Air-Conditioning Systems.- 5.1 Abstract.- 5.2 Introduction.- 5.3 Part 1, Natural Air-Conditioning Systems Employed Mostly In Hot/Arid Regions.- 5.4 Part 2, Natural Air-Conditioning Systems Employed Mostly In Hot/Humid Regions.- 5.5 Conclusions.- 5.6 References.- 6 The Solar Ultraviolet — A Brief Review.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Environmental Effects.- 6.3 Historical Interest.- 6.4 Laboratory Sources.- 6.5 Sensors.- 6.6 Instrumentation.- 6.7 Ground Based Measurements.- 6.8 Satellite and Rocket Data.- 6.9 Conclusions.- 6.10 Bibliography.- 7 New Technologies in the Production of Woody Crops for Energy In The United States.- 7.1 Abstract.- 7.2 Introduction.- 7.3 Extent and Dynamics of Traditional Forest Inventories.- 7.4 Potential of Conventional Plantation Forestry.- 7.5 Concept and Technology of Short-Rotation Intensive Culture.- 7.6 Sric Species and Their Management.- 7.7 Harvesting Developments In Short-Rotation Intensive Culture.- 7.8 Economic Competitiveness of Sric Biomass Feedstocks.- 7.9 Risk Reduction.- 7.10 Conclusions and Recommendations.- 7.11 Acknowledgement.- 7.12 Appendix I — Conversion Factors.- 7.13 Appendix II.- 7.14 References.- 8 Biomass for Fuel and Food — A Parallel Necessity.- 8.1 Summary.- 8.2 Biomass for Energy.- 8.3 Woodfuel.- 8.4 Fuel Alcohol.- 8.5 Crops for Energy.- 8.6 Appendix — Glossary of Abbreviations.- 8.7 References.