Nerve and Muscle

1. Membrane Organization.- Phospholipids.- Membrane Proteins.- Myelin.- 2. Membrane Thermodynamics.- Equilibrium Thermodynamics.- Osmotic Equilibrium.- Irreversible Thermodynamics.- Problems.- 3. Carrier Transport.- Facilitated Transport.- Active Transport.- Effects of the Na+ Pump.- Problems.- 4. Membrane Permeability and Voltage.- Equilibrium (Nernst Equation).- Electrical Steady State.- Chemical Steady State.- Ussing’s Flux-Ratio Test.- Constant Field Assumption.- Problems.- 5. Ionic Currents in Nerve and Muscle.- Voltage Clamp Technique.- Assumptions of the Hodgkin-Huxley Equations.- Form of the Equations.- Structure of the Channels.- Role of Ca+ + Ions.- Cardiac Muscle.- Problems.- 6. Cable Theory and Extracellular Recording.- Assumptions and Definitions.- Derivation of the Basic Cable Equation.- Unmyelinated Fibers.- Myelinated Fibers.- Comparison with Experimental Data.- Linear Cables.- Extracellular Recording.- Problems.- 7. Synaptic and Neuromuscular Transmission.- Presynaptic Mechanisms.- Statistics of Transmitter Release.- Facilitation and Depression of Transmitter Release.- Presynaptic Inhibition.- Postsynaptic Mechanisms.- Synaptic Channels.- Modified Interactions between Nerve and Muscle.- Problems.- 8. Muscular Contraction.- Muscle Proteins.- Contraction Cycle and Sliding Filaments.- Contraction Kinetics.- Energetics of Contraction.- Excitation-Contraction Coupling.- Motor Units.- Viscoelastic Properties.- Problems.- 9. Sensory Receptors.- Crustacean Stretch Receptors.- Impulse Generation.- Input-Output Relations.- Classification of Nerve Fibers.- Muscle Spindles.- Frequency-Response Curves.- Statistical Properties of Impulse Trains.- Transmission of Information.- Problems.- 10. Control of Movement.- Reflexes..- Size Principle..- Feedback Systems..-Stability and Oscillations: Physiological Tremor..- Pattern Generation..- What is Controlled?.- Problems.- Solutions to Problems.- References.