Macular Edema

The historical discovery of macular edema.- Basic science of macular edema.- Cellular mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier dysfunction in macular edema.- The molecular structure and function of the inner blood-retinal barrier.- Mechanisms of fluid accumulation in retinal edema.- Regulators of vascular permeability: potential sites for intervention in the treatment of macular edema.- Inhibition of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase decreases subretinal pH and volume.- Clinical science of macular edema.- Macular hole formation in diabetic retinopathy: the role of coexisting macular edema.- Macular edema in retinal vein occlusion: Up-date from the central retinal vein occlusion study.- Visual prognosis of macular involvement in peripheral retinal vascular malformations.- The pathogenesis and clinical presentation of macular edema in inflammatory diseases.- Cystoid macular edema in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and past ocular history of cytomegalovirus retinitis after initiation of protease inhibitors.- Is scierai fixation a safe procedure for intraocular lens implantation?.- Macular edema induced by phacoemulsification.- Cyst formation in optic disc pit maculopathy.- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in macular edema.- Novel imaging techniques for diabetic macular edema.- Reproducibility of volumetric macular measurements in diabetic patients with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph.- Diabetic maculopathy induced by vitreo-macular traction evaluation by optical coherence tomography (OCT).- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (IPCV).- New diagnostic tools for macular edema.- Treatment of cystoid macular edema with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids.- The role of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in the management of macular edema.- Medical treatment of macular edema in patients with uveitis.- Treatment of uveitic macular edema with acetazolamide.- When and how to do a grid laser for diabetic macular edema.- Grid photocoagulation for focal diabetic macular edema with focal leaks and hard exsudates involving the peri-foveolar area.- Grid laser treatment of macular edema in macular branch retinal vein occlusion.- The place of vitreoretinal surgery in the treatment of macular oedema.- Vitrectomy for traction macular edema.- Vitrectomy for macular pucker and vitreomacular traction syndrome.- Cystotomy for diabetic cystoid macular edema.- Vitrectomy for macular edema combined with retinal vein occlusion.- Pars plana vitrectomy in diabetic macular edema.